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Development Studies Research
An Open Access Journal
Volume 9, 2022 - Issue 1
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Research Article

Human capital development, poverty and income inequality in the Eastern Cape province

Clement MoyoDepartment of Economics, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South AfricaCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-9533View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Syden MishiDepartment of Economics, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South AfricaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7727-8946View further author information
ORCID Icon &
Ronney NcwadiDepartment of Economics, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South AfricaView further author information
Pages 36-47 | Received 14 Jul 2021, Accepted 16 Jan 2022, Published online: 04 Feb 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. Trends in education attainment.

Figure 1. Trends in education attainment.

Figure 2. Average years of education attainment (1993–2019).

Figure 2. Average years of education attainment (1993–2019).

Figure 3. Average poverty levels (1996–2018).

Figure 3. Average poverty levels (1996–2018).

Figure 4. Average Gini coefficient (1993–2019).

Figure 4. Average Gini coefficient (1993–2019).

Table 1. Descriptive statistics.

Table 2. Cross-sectional dependence test.

Table 3. Pesaran (Citation2007) CIPS unit root test: Levels.

Table 4. Pesaran (Citation2007) CIPS unit root test: First difference.

Table 5. Empirical results.

Table 6. Robustness checks.

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