Ecofriendly synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles by Euphrasia officinalis leaf extract and its biomedical applications

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic procedure of synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Euphrasia officinalis leaf extract.

Figure 2. UV–vis spectra and FE-TEM images of silver nanoparticles (a) and gold nanoparticles (b).

Figure 3. Elemental mapping and EDX spectrum of silver nanoparticles (a) and gold nanoparticles (b).

Figure 4. XRD and SAED pattern of silver nanoparticles (a) and gold nanoparticles (b).

Figure 5. DLS and zeta potential result of silver nanoparticles (a) and gold nanoparticles (b).

Figure 6. FTIR spectra of Euphrasia officinalis leaf extract, silver nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles.

Figure 7. Cytotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles (a) and gold nanoparticles (b) against RAW 264.7 macrophages cell line, A549 lung cancer cell line and HeLa cervical cancer cell lines, respectively.

Figure 8. Zones of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa [KACC 14021], Escherichia coli [CCARM 0237], Vibrio parahaemolyticus [KACC 15069] and Staphylococcus aureus [KCTC 3881], respectively.

Table 1. Antimicrobial activity of the AgNPs synthesized from Euphrasia officinalis leaf extract.

Bacteria	500 ppm	1000 ppm
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	14.0 ± 0.5	15.3 ± 0.5
Escherichia coli	10.1 ± 0.9	11.7 ± 0.5
Vibrio parahaemolyticus	13.0 ± 0.8	14.7 ± 0.9
Staphylococcus aureus	12.2 ± 0.8	13.7 ± 1.1

Figure 9. Biofilm inhibition activity of silver nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus [KCTC 3881] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [KACC 14021].