Figures & data
Figure 1. Keywords and search string generation.
![Figure 1. Keywords and search string generation.](/cms/asset/cffdebd9-e288-4ed7-88a8-2b270b630734/tpmr_a_2144522_f0001_b.gif)
Figure 2. Protocol of the systematic literature search.
![Figure 2. Protocol of the systematic literature search.](/cms/asset/317635d4-0151-4523-a44a-f7dc3110af18/tpmr_a_2144522_f0002_b.gif)
Figure 3. Division of the publications sorted by year.
![Figure 3. Division of the publications sorted by year.](/cms/asset/e70a4fea-b242-4ab3-aefd-88a37394cabe/tpmr_a_2144522_f0003_b.gif)
Table 1. Summary of different positioning determination methods (Kim Geok et al., Citation2021).
Figure 4. Triangulation using TOA (Zekavat & Buehrer, Citation2019).
![Figure 4. Triangulation using TOA (Zekavat & Buehrer, Citation2019).](/cms/asset/32f5700a-ab5b-461a-8fa2-9ead6b357d0f/tpmr_a_2144522_f0004_b.gif)
Figure 5. Calculation of RTT (Al-Kadi & Zorn, Citation2020).
![Figure 5. Calculation of RTT (Al-Kadi & Zorn, Citation2020).](/cms/asset/c71d7e93-a1b0-4e36-9a0e-cfd7a39f0913/tpmr_a_2144522_f0005_b.gif)
Figure 6. Position determination using TDOA.
![Figure 6. Position determination using TDOA.](/cms/asset/8cc3377b-a0d2-4f26-8e28-299a3d880cae/tpmr_a_2144522_f0006_b.gif)
Figure 7. Position determination using AOA.
![Figure 7. Position determination using AOA.](/cms/asset/b89a1d99-4f6d-4042-a3a5-eaca0d3e873d/tpmr_a_2144522_f0007_b.gif)
Table 2. Summary of radio-based technologies for indoor positioning (Kim Geok et al., Citation2021).
Table 3. Positioning performance requirements (3GPP, Citation2021b).
Table 4. Use case specifications (3GPP, Citation2021a).
Figure 8. Requirement overview of the IMT-2020.
![Figure 8. Requirement overview of the IMT-2020.](/cms/asset/c46364d1-1730-4b7f-9839-b74ee6ae0ce0/tpmr_a_2144522_f0008_b.gif)
Figure 9. Overview of 3GPP time planning according to (3GPP, Citation2020a).
![Figure 9. Overview of 3GPP time planning according to (3GPP, Citation2020a).](/cms/asset/06f4fe4d-339d-4045-8667-841d121bef32/tpmr_a_2144522_f0009_b.gif)
Table 5. Performance requirements for horizontal and vertical positioning service levels (3GPP, Citation2021c).
Acronym Table
Data Availability Statement
Due to the nature of a literature review, no data was generated, collected, or used for the analysis of this publication. All references can be found below. Therefore, no data exists that can be made public.