The influence of sustainability on the complexity of food supply chains

Figures & data

Table 1. Attributes of complex socio-technical systems and examples in food supply chain.

Attribute	Attribute description	Examples of sustainable food supply chain
Large number of elements	The system has many elements, such as technical parts, people, procedures, and regulations.	Partners, consumers, transport companies, retailers, and bulk distributors, facilities, warehouses, vehicles, information systems, blockchain.
Dynamically interacting elements	Interactions occur between tightly coupled elements and allow, for example, the quick propagation of errors.	Exchange of materials and information is at the core of any supply chain. These interactions are constantly changing, and they may have non-linear implications – e.g. bullwhip effect
Diversity of elements	Elements differ according to various categories such as hierarchical levels, tasks division, inputs, and outputs.	The elements that compose the supply chain differ according to several categories, such as consumer profile, supply sources, and the diversity of evaluation methods. -Social diversity: age, instruction level, nationality, language, culture, etc. -Technical diversity: different equipment (with more or with less technology); a myriad of supplies and raw materials, procedures, etc. - Work organization diversity: hierarchical levels, sectors, departments, subsidiaries, business types; management styles, roles played by workers etc. - External environment diversity: environmental laws and regulations, national and international.
Unexpected variability	Complex systems are open, that is, they interact with their environment, which alone is an important source of variability. Non-linear interactions are also a source of unexpected variability.	Internal variability: absenteeism, machine breakdown, material quality, uncertainty of measures, workarounds, etc. External variability: demand oscillation, economic and political crisis, exchange rate, strikes, natural disasters, terrorism, war, COVID-19 pandemic, weather conditions, etc.
Resilience	Resilience is the ability of a system to maintain and adapt its operational performance against failures and other adverse conditions	Remote work, investment in equipment, diversification in work schedules, scheduled delivery systems, improved inventory control, outsourcing, in response to challenges and adverse conditions. Do not choose practices where industrial agriculture is not resilient (monoculture, CAFOs, etc.).

Source: Adapted from (Saurin & Gonzalez, 2013) and (Soliman et al., 2018).

Figure 1. Steps to carry out the systematic review.

Table 2. Factors that influence the complexity attributes.

Factors	Description	Code	Freq.
Large number of tiers in the supply chain	The high number of links (e.g. supplier, industry, distribution, retail) in FSC results in many stops and changes in food transportation. Hinders maintaining quality and food safety (due to shelf life and variations in storage and transport conditions) can lead to food loss.	LN	47
Uncertainty in the judgment because of the Diversity of criteria for waste and pollution assessment	Uncertainty in the judgment of decision-makers, conflicting decision criteria, lack of standardized measures among FSC members to analyze losses and pollution.	DC	39
Prevention of occupational and process health and safety hazards	OHS benefits from resilient performance as people of FSC members and food systems can effectively fill out gaps in (inevitably) underspecified standard operating	PO	39
Exchange of information	The members of the FSC need to invest in sharing important and confidential information between them. Thus, integrating information to achieve SFSCM.	EI	38
External variability	Market demand variation in periods of demand fluctuation, economic, political, or exchange crises, strikes, natural disasters, terrorism, wars, among others, influences the availability and accessibility of certain foods.	EV	38
Clean Technologies	Clean technologies used in the food supply chain to reduce soil pollution and pollutant emissions bring benefits, for example, soil preservation and increased use of fossil fuels. Relatively simple and low-cost technologies for businesses (e.g. biomass, water reuse for irrigation, and composting) can benefit.	CT	37
Large number of consumers	The social aspect that results from urbanization is a large urban population concentrated in a small area. Urbanization shapes a country’s food system and creates longer food chains, a greater need for processing, packaging, refrigeration, and more food losses.	LC	36
Climate change	Climate change generating more losses in harvesting, production, distribution, transport, storage, among others, due to increased susceptibility to disease and extreme weather events.	CC	30
Diversity of partners’ types	Diversity of financial resources available, among FSC members, to invest in acquisition, for example, of equipment and technology.	DT	30
Internal variability	Variability related to absenteeism and employee dissatisfaction of FSC members.	IV	30
Food price	The increase in food prices can lead the population to decrease its daily consumption.	FP	30
Natural resource management	The adaptive capacity of the FSC members to conserve natural resources, especially water and soil, and maintain sustainability under expected and unexpected conditions.	NS	24
Demographic Diversity of employees	Members of the FSC must know how to deal with their employees’ characteristics (age, education level, nationality, language, culture, gender, etc.)	DD	20
Slack resources	Extra resources to deal with variabilities, such as inventory, time, or people, create slack in the system.	SR	20
Diversity of consumers’ profiles	Food waste by consumers, and its economic implications, are related to their characteristics (e.g. age, education, culture, and purchasing power)	DP	15
Diverse supply sources	Diversity of suppliers, for example, such as large multinational companies, small companies, and companies from other cities.	DS	10

Table 3. Quantitative assessment of a factor associated with sustainability.

Factor	Code	Environmental	Social	Economic
Climate change	CC	4,0	3,5	3,5
Clean Technologies	CT	4,0	2,0	3,3
Uncertainty in the judgment because of the Diversity of criteria for waste and pollution assessment	DC	3,8	1,4	2,1
Demographic Diversity of employees	DD	0,3	4,0	1,3
Diversity of consumers’ profiles	DP	3,3	2,5	3,3
Diverse supply sources	DS	1,0	2,3	2,8
Diversity of partners’ types	DT	1,3	1,3	2,8
Exchange of information	EI	1,0	1,0	1,8
External variability	EV	2,0	3,0	3,5
Food price	FP	2,5	3,3	3,8
Internal variability	IV	0,8	4,0	2,0
Large number of consumers	LC	3,8	3,3	3,8
Large number of tiers in the supply chain	LN	1,8	1,5	2,3
Natural resource management	NS	4,0	1,5	2,0
Prevention of occupational and process health and safety hazards	PO	0,5	4,0	2,5
Slack resources	SR	3,0	2,3	3,8

Table 4. Articles selected for the systematic review.

Articles	Author/year	Title	Journal
1	(Turan & Ozturkoglu, 2022)	A conceptual framework model for an effective cold food chain management in sustainability environment	Journal of Modelling in Management
2	(Liu et al., 2019)	A fuzzy decision tool to evaluate the sustainable performance of suppliers in an agrifood value chain	Computers and Industrial Engineering
3	(Jabarzadeh et al., 2020)	A multi-objective mixed-integer linear model for sustainable fruit closed-loop supply chain network	Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal
4	(Sgarbossa & Russo,2017)	A proactive model in sustainable food supply chain: Insight from a case study	A proactive model in sustainable food supply chain: Insight from a case study
5	(Tavakkoli Moghaddam et al., 2019)	A reverse logistics chain mathematical model for a sustainable production system of perishable goods based on demand optimization	Journal of Industrial Engineering International
6	(Nikolaou et al., 2013)	A reverse logistics social responsibility evaluation framework based on the triple bottom line approach	Journal of Cleaner Production
7	(León Bravo et al., 2021)	A roadmap for sustainability assessment in the food supply chain	British Food Journal
8	(Sazvar et al., 2018)	A sustainable supply chain for organic, conventional agro-food products: The role of demand substitution, climate change and public health	Journal of Cleaner Production
9	(Seetharaman et al., 2022)	A Transition to a Circular Economic Environment: Food, Plastic, and the Fashion Industry	International Journal of Circular Economy and Waste Management (IJCEWM)
10	(Tiwari & Khan, 2019)	An action research approach for measurement of sustainability in a multi-echelon supply chain: Evidences from Indian sea food supply chains	Journal of Cleaner Production
11	(van Voorn et al., 2020)	An agent based model representation to assess resilience and efficiency of food supply chains	PLoS ONE
12	(Malagó et al., 2021)	An analytical framework to assess SDG targets within the context of WEFE nexus in the Mediterranean region	Resources, Conservation and Recycling
13	(J. L. Glover et al., 2014)	An Institutional Theory perspective on sustainable practices across the dairy supply chain	International Journal of Production Economics
14	(Azadnia & Ghadimi, 2018)	An integrated approach of fuzzy quality function deployment and fuzzy multi-objective programming to sustainable supplier selection and order allocation	Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering
15	(Seuring et al., 2019)	Analyzing base-of-the-pyramid projects through sustainable supply chain management	Journal of Cleaner Production
16	(Brunori et al., 2016)	Are local food chains more sustainable than global food chains? Considerations for Assessment	Sustainability (Switzerland)
17	(Kucukvar et al., 2019)	Assessing regional and global environmental footprints and value added of the largest food producers in the world	Resources, Conservation and Recycling
18	(Mercuri et al., 2021)	Blockchain Technology and Sustainable Business Models: A Case Study of Devoleum	Sustainability (Switzerland)
19	(Fracarolli Nunes et al., 2020)	Can we have it all? Sustainability trade-offs and cross-insurance mechanisms in supply chains	International Journal of Operations and Production Management
20	(de Vasconcelos et al., 2021)	Circular Economy and Sustainability in the Fresh Fruit Supply Chain: A Study across Brazil and the UK	Latin American Business Review
21	(Leon-Bravo, 2017)	Collaboration for sustainability in the food supply chain: A multi-stage study in Italy	Sustainability (Switzerland)
22	(Allaoui et al., 2019)	Decision support for collaboration planning in sustainable supply chains	Journal of Cleaner Production
23	(Golini et al., 2017)	Developing sustainability in the Italian meat supply chain: an empirical investigation	International Journal of Production Research
24	(Yakavenka et al., 2020)	Development of a multi-objective model for the design of sustainable supply chains: the case of perishable food products	Annals of Operations Research
25	(Khan, Mathew, et al., 2022)	Disruption in food supply chain and undernourishment challenges: An empirical study in the context of Asian countries	International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications
26	(Stranieri et al., 2017)	Do motivations affect different voluntary traceability schemes? An empirical analysis among food manufacturers	Food Control
27	(Peano et al., 2015)	Evaluating the sustainability in complex agri-food systems: The SAEMETH framework	Sustainability (Switzerland)
28	(Roibás et al., 2015)	Evaluating the sustainability of Ecuadorian bananas: Carbon footprint, water usage and wealth distribution along the supply chain	Sustainable Production and Consumption
29	(J. Roy et al., 2020)	Evaluation and selection of third party logistics provider under sustainability perspectives: an interval valued fuzzy-rough approach	Annals of Operations Research
30	(Lin,2019)	Evaluation of decision-making for the optimal value of sustainable enterprise development under global 100 index thinking	Sustainability (Switzerland)
31	(Yu et al., 2022)	Evolutionary game analysis of green agricultural product supply chain financing system: COVID-19 pandemic	International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications
32	(Agyabeng-Mensah et al., 2020)	Examining the influence of internal green supply chain practices, green human resource management and supply chain environmental cooperation on firm performance	Supply Chain Management: An International Journal
33	(Medici et al., 2021)	Exploring the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of community-supported agriculture in Italy	Journal of Cleaner Production
34	(Sjauw-Koen-Fa et al., 2018)	Exploring the integration of business and CSR perspectives in smallholder souring: Black soybean in Indonesia and tomato in India	Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies
35	(Pullman et al., 2009)	Food for thought: Social versus environmental sustainability practices and performance outcomes	Journal of supply chain management
36	(Ilbery & Maye, 2005)	Food supply chains and sustainability: Evidence from specialist food producers in the Scottish/English borders	Land Use Policy
37	(J. He et al., 2020)	How Can Manufacturers Promote Green Innovation in Food Supply Chain? Cost Sharing Strategy for Supplier Motivation	Frontiers in Psychology
38	(Wilhelm et al., 2016)	Implementing sustainability in multi-tier supply chains: Strategies and contingencies in managing sub-suppliers	International Journal of Production Economics
39	(M Segura et al., 2020)	Improving food supply chain management by a sustainable approach to supplier evaluation	Mathematics
40	(Merlino et al., 2020)	Innovation towards sustainable fresh-cut salad production: Are Italian consumers receptive?	AIMS Agriculture and Food
41	(Khan, Yu, et al., 2021)	Investigating the effects of the outbreak of COVID-19 on perishable food supply chains: an empirical study using PLS-SEM	The International Journal of Logistics Management
42	(Forsman‐Hugg et al., 2013)	Key CSR dimensions for the food chain	British Food Journal
43	(Touboulic & Walker, 2015)	Love me, love me not: A nuanced view on collaboration in sustainable supply chains	Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management
44	(Kayikci et al., 2020)	Minimizing losses at red meat supply chain with circular and central slaughterhouse model	Journal of Enterprise Information Management
45	(Kazancoglu et al., 2018)	Minimizing losses in milk supply chain with sustainability: An example from an emerging economy	Resources, Conservation and Recycling
46	(Nazam et al., 2020)	Modeling the key barriers of knowledge management adoption in sustainable supply chain	Journal of Enterprise Information Management
47	(Jouzdani & Govindan, 2021)	On the sustainable perishable food supply chain network design: A dairy products case to achieve sustainable development goals	Journal of Cleaner Production
48	(Garcia-Garcia et al., 2017)	Optimising Industrial Food Waste Management	Procedia Manufacturing
49	(Mancini et al., 2019)	Producers’ and consumers’ perception of the sustainability of short food supply chains: The case of Parmigiano Reggiano PDO	Sustainability (Switzerland)
50	(Verdecho et al., 2020)	Project portfolio selection for increasing sustainability in supply chains	Economics and Business Letters
51	(Shnayder et al., 2015)	Putting your money where your mouth is: Why sustainability reporting based on the triple bottom line can be misleading	PLoS ONE
52	(Segura et al., 2019)	Quantifying the sustainability of products and suppliers in food distribution companies	Sustainability (Switzerland)
53	(Bustos & Moors, 2018)	Reducing post-harvest food losses through innovative collaboration: Insights from the Colombian and Mexican avocado supply chains	Journal of Cleaner Production
54	(Pérez-Mesa et al., 2019)	Response of fresh food suppliers to sustainable supply chain management of large European retailers	Sustainability (Switzerland)
55	(Ramos et al., 2016)	SENSE tool: easy-to-use web-based tool to calculate food product environmental impact	The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
56	(Jarzębowski et al., 2020)	Short food supply chains (SFSC) as local and sustainable systems	Sustainability (Switzerland)
57	(Enjolras & Aubert, 2018)	Short food supply chains and the issue of sustainability: a case study of French fruit producers	International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management
58	(Matzembacher & Meira,2019)	Sustainability as business strategy in community supported agriculture: Social, environmental and economic benefits for producers and consumers	British Food Journal
59	(Abdella et al., 2020)	Sustainability assessment and modeling based on supervised machine learning techniques: The case for food consumption	Journal of Cleaner Production
60	(Erol et al., 2009)	Sustainability in the Turkish retailing industry	Sustainable Development
61	(Guliyeva & Lis, 2020)	Sustainability management of organic food organizations: A case study of Azerbaijan	Sustainability (Switzerland)
62	(Tsolakis et al., 2018)	Sustainability performance in food supply networks: Insights from the UK industry	Sustainability (Switzerland)
63	(Saputri et al., 2019)	Sustainable agri-food supply chain performance measurement model for GMO and Non-GMO using data envelopment analysis method	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
64	(Allaoui et al., 2018)	Sustainable agro-food supply chain design using two-stage hybrid multi-objective decision-making approach	Computers and Operations Research
65	(Yakovleva et al., 2012)	Sustainable benchmarking of supply chains: The case of the food industry	International Journal of Production Research
66	(Cao et al., 2019)	Sustainable development of food processing enterprises in China	Sustainability (Switzerland)
67	(Khan, Zkik, et al., 2021)	Sustainable supplier selection for the cold supply chain (CSC) in the context of a developing country	Environment, Development and Sustainability
68	(Gold et al., 2013)	Sustainable supply chain management in ‘Base of the Pyramid’ food projects-A path to triple bottom line approaches for multinationals?	International Business Review
69	(Gómez-Luciano et al., 2018)	Sustainable supply chain management: Contributions of supplies markets	Journal of Cleaner Production
70	(Köhler & Pizzol, 2020)	Technology assessment of blockchain-based technologies in the food supply chain	Journal of Cleaner Production
71	(Glover, 2020)	The dark side of sustainable dairy supply chains	International Journal of Operations and Production Management
72	(Nirino et al., 2019)	The impact of corporate social responsibility on firms’ financial performance, evidence from the food and beverage industry	British Food Journal
73	(Vasileiou & Morris, 2006)	The sustainability of the supply chain for fresh potatoes in Britain	Supply Chain Management: An International Journal
74	(Pullman & Dillard, 2010)	Values based supply chain management and emergent organizational structures	International Journal of Operations and Production Management
75	(Pellegrini et al., 2020)	What are the conflicting tensions in an Italian cooperative and how do members manage them? Business goals’, integrated management, and reduction of waste within a fruit and vegetables supply chain	Sustainability (Switzerland)

Figure 2. Scores to the relationship between factors and complexity attributes.

Table 5. All the journals in the database with the number of publications.

Jornal	Number of papers
Sustainability (Switzerland)	13
Journal of Cleaner Production	11
British Food Journal	4
Resources, Conservation and Recycling	3
International Journal of Operations and Production Management	3
International Journal of Production Research	2
PLoS ONE	2
Journal of Enterprise Information Management	2
Supply Chain Management: An International Journal	2
Annals of Operations Research	2
International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications	2
AIMS Agriculture and Food	2
International Journal of Production Economics	2
The International Journal of Logistics Management	1
Food Control	1
A proactive model in sustainable food supply chain: Insight from a case study	1
Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal	1
Computers and Industrial Engineering	1
Mathematics	1
Journal of Modelling in Management	1
Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management	1
Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies	1
Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	1
International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management	1
Latin American Business Review	1
Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering	1
Computers and Operations Research	1
Sustainable Development	1
International Business Review	1
Sustainable Production and Consumption	1
Land Use Policy	1
Economics and Business Letters	1
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment	1
Frontiers in Psychology	1
Journal of supply chain management	1
International Journal of Circular Economy and Waste Management (IJCEWM)	1
Journal of Industrial Engineering International	1
Environment, Development and Sustainability	1

Saurin, T. A., & Gonzalez, S. S. (2013). Assessing the compatibility of the management of standardized procedures with the complexity of a sociotechnical system: Case study of a control room in an oil refinery. Applied Ergonomics, 44(5), 811–823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2013.02.003

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Soliman, M., Saurin, T. A., & Anzanello, M. J. (2018). The impacts of lean production on the complexity of socio-technical systems. International Journal of Production Economics, 197, 342–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.01.024

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Turan, C., & Ozturkoglu, Y. (2022). A conceptual framework model for an effective cold food chain management in sustainability environment. JM2, 17(4), 1262–1279. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-09-2020-0239

 Google Scholar

Liu, Y., Eckert, C., Yannou Le Bris, G., & Petit, G. (2019). A fuzzy decision tool to evaluate the sustainable performance of suppliers in an agrifood value chain. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 127, 196–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2018.12.022

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Jabarzadeh, Y., Reyhani Yamchi, H., Kumar, V. & Ghaffarinasab, N. (2020). A multi-objective mixed-integer linear model for sustainable fruit closed-loop supply chain network. MEQ, 31(5), 1351–1373. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-12-2019-0276

 Google Scholar

Sgarbossa, F. & Russo, I. (2017). A proactive model in sustainable food supply chain: Insight from a case study. International Journal of Production Economics, 183, 596–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.07.022

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Tavakkoli Moghaddam, S., Javadi, M. & Hadji Molana, S. M. (2019). A reverse logistics chain mathematical model for a sustainable production system of perishable goods based on demand optimization. J Ind Eng Int, 15(4), 709–721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40092-018-0287-1

 Google Scholar

Nikolaou, I. E., Evangelinos, K. I.& Allan, S. (2013). A reverse logistics social responsibility evaluation framework based on the triple bottom line approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 56, 173–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.12.009

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

León Bravo, V., Moretto, A., & Caniato, F. (2021). A roadmap for sustainability assessment in the food supply chain. BFJ, 123(13), 199–220. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-04-2020-0293

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Sazvar, Z., Rahmani, M., & Govindan, K. (2018). A sustainable supply chain for organic, conventional agro-food products: The role of demand substitution, climate change and public health. Journal of Cleaner Production, 194, 564–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.118

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Seetharaman, A., Shah, M., & Patwa, N. (2022). A Transition to a Circular Economic Environment. International Journal of Circular Economy and Waste Management, 2(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJCEWM.288500

 Google Scholar

Tiwari, K., & Khan, M. S. (2019). An action research approach for measurement of sustainability in a multi-echelon supply chain: Evidences from Indian sea food supply chains. Journal of Cleaner Production, 235, 225–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.200

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Van Voorn, G., Hengeveld, G., Verhagen, J., & Suweis, S. (2020). An agent based model representation to assess resilience and efficiency of food supply chains. PLoS ONE, 15(11), e0242323. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242323

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Malagó, A., Comero, S., Bouraoui, F., Kazezyılmaz-Alhan, C. M., Gawlik, B. M., Easton, P., & Laspidou, C. (2021). An analytical framework to assess SDG targets within the context of WEFE nexus in the Mediterranean region. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 164, 105205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105205

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Glover, J., Champion, D., Daniels, K., & Dainty, A. (2014). An Institutional Theory perspective on sustainable practices across the dairy supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics, 152, 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.12.027

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Azadni, A. H., & Pezhman, G. (2018). Ghadimi an integrated approach of fuzzy quality function deployment and fuzzy multi-objective programming to sustainable supplier selection and order allocation. Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering, 11(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.22094/JOIE.2017.629.1405

 Google Scholar

Seuring, S., Brix-Asala, C., & Khalid, R. U. (2019). Analyzing base-of-the-pyramid projects through sustainable supply chain management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 212, 1086–1097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.102

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Brunori, G., Galli, F., Barjolle, D., van Broekhuizen, R., Colombo, L., Giampietro, M., Kirwan, J., Lang, T., Mathijs, E., Maye, D., de Roest, K., Rougoor, C., Schwarz, J., Schmitt, E., Smith, J., Stojanovic, Z., Tisenkopfs, T., & Touzard, J. -M. (2016). Are local Food Chains more sustainable than Global Food Chains? Considerations for assessment. Sustainability, 8(5), 449. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8050449

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kucukvar, M., Onat, N. C., Abdella, G. M., & Tatari, O. (2019). Assessing regional and global environmental footprints and value added of the largest food producers in the world. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 144, 187–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.01.048

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Mercuri, F., della Corte, G., & Ricci, F. (2021). Blockchain Technology and Sustainable Business Models: A Case Study of Devoleum. Sustainability, 13(10), 5619. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105619

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Fracarolli Nunes, M., Lee Park, C., & Paiva, E. L. (2020). Can we have it all? Sustainability trade-offs and cross-insurance mechanisms in supply chains. IJOPM, 40(9), 1339–1366. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-12-2019-0802

 Google Scholar

de Vasconcelos, D. C., Viana, F. L., & de Souza, A. L. (2021). Circular Economy and Sustainability in the Fresh Fruit Supply Chain: A Study across Brazil and the UK. Latin American Business Review, 22(4), 393–421. https://doi.org/10.1080/10978526.2021.1941070

 Google Scholar

León-Bravo V, Caniato F, Caridi M and Johnsen T. (2017). Collaboration for Sustainability in the Food Supply Chain: A Multi-Stage Study in Italy. Sustainability, 9(7), 1253 https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071253

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Allaoui, H., Guo, Y., & Sarkis, J. (2019). Decision support for collaboration planning in sustainable supply chains. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 761–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.367

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Golini, R., Moretto, A., Caniato, F., Caridi, M., & Kalchschmidt, M. (2017). Developing sustainability in the Italian meat supply chain: an empirical investigation. International Journal of Production Research, 55(4), 1183–1209. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2016.1234724

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Yakavenka, V., Mallidis, I., Vlachos, D., Iakovou, E., & Eleni, Z. (2020). Development of a multi-objective model for the design of sustainable supply chains: the case of perishable food products. Ann Oper Res, 294(1–2), 593–621. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-019-03434-5

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Khan, S. A. R., Mathew, M., Dominic, P. D. D., & Umar, M. (2022). Evaluation and selection strategy for green supply chain using interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy combinative distance-based assessment. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 24(9), 10633–10665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01876-1

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Stranieri, S., Cavaliere, A., & Banterle, A. (2017). Do motivations affect different voluntary traceability schemes? An empirical analysis among food manufacturers. Food Control, 80, 187–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.04.047

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Peano, C., Tecco, N., Dansero, E., Girgenti, V., & Sottile, F. (2015). Evaluating the Sustainability in Complex Agri-Food Systems: The SAEMETH Framework. Sustainability, 7(6), 6721–6741. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7066721

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Roibás, L., Elbehri, A., & Hospido, A. (2015). Evaluating the sustainability of Ecuadorian bananas: Carbon footprint, water usage and wealth distribution along the supply chain. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2, 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2015.07.006

 Google Scholar

Roy, J., Pamučar, D., & Kar, S. (2020). Evaluation and selection of third party logistics provider under sustainability perspectives: An interval valued fuzzy-rough approach. Annals of Operations Research, 293(2), 669–714. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-019-03501-x

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Lin, T., Hsu S., & Chang, C. (2019). Evaluation of Decision-Making for the Optimal Value of Sustainable Enterprise Development under Global 100 Index Thinking. Sustainability, 11(4), 1106. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041106

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Yu, Z., Khan, S. A. R., Ponce, P., Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, A. B., & Chiappetta Jabbour, C. J. (2022). Factors affecting carbon emissions in emerging economies in the context of a green recovery: Implications for sustainable development goals. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 176, 121417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121417

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Agyabeng-Mensah, Y., Ahenkorah, E., Afum, E., Nana Agyemang, A., Agnikpe, C., & Rogers, F. (2020). Examining the influence of internal green supply chain practices, green human resource management and supply chain environmental cooperation on firm performance. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 25(5), 585–599. https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-11-2019-0405

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Medici, M., Canavari, M., & Castellini, A. (2021). Exploring the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of community-supported agriculture in Italy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 316, 128233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128233

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Sjauw-Koen-Fa, A. R., Blok, V., & Omta, O. S. W. F. (2018). Exploring the integration of business and CSR perspectives in smallholder souring. JADEE, 8(4), 656–677. https://doi.org/10.1108/JADEE-06-2017-0064

 Google Scholar

Pullman, M. E., Maloni, M. J., & Carter, C. R. (2009). Food for thought: Social versus environmental sustainability practices and performance outcomes. The Journal of Supply Chain Management, 45(4), 38–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-493X.2009.03175.x

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ilbery, B., & Maye, D. (2005). Food supply chains and sustainability: evidence from specialist food producers in the Scottish/English borders. Land Use Policy, 22(4), 331–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2004.06.002

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

He, J., Lei, Y., Fu, X., Lin, C., & Chang, C. (2020). How Can Manufacturers Promote Green Innovation in Food Supply Chain? Cost Sharing Strategy for Supplier Motivation. Front. Psychol., 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.574832

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wilhelm, M., Blome, C., Wieck, E., & Xiao, C. Y. (2016). Implementing sustainability in multi-tier supply chains: Strategies and contingencies in managing sub-suppliers. International Journal of Production Economics, 182, 196–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.08.006

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Segura, M., Maroto, C., Segura, B., Casas-Rosal, J., & C. (2020). Improving Food Supply Chain Management by a Sustainable Approach to Supplier Evaluation. Mathematics, 8(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/math8111952

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Merlino, V. M., Borra, D., Bargetto, A., Blanc, S., & Massaglia, S. (2020). Innovation towards sustainable fresh-cut salad production: Are Italian consumers receptive? AIMS Agriculture and Food, 5(3), 365–386. https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2020.3.365

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Khan, S. A. R., Yu, Z., & Sharif, A. (2021). No silver bullet for De-carbonization: preparing for tomorrow, today. Resources Policy, 71, 101942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101942

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Hingley, M., Forsman‐Hugg, S., Katajajuuri, J., Riipi, I., Mäkelä, J., Järvelä, K., & Timonen, P. (2013). Key CSR dimensions for the food chain. British Food Journal, 115(1), 30–47. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070701311289867

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Touboulic, A., & Walker, H. (2015). Love me, love me not: A nuanced view on collaboration in sustainable supply chains. Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 21(3), 178–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2015.05.001

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kayikci, Y., Ozbiltekin, M., & Kazancoglu, Y. (2020). Minimizing losses at red meat supply chain with circular and central slaughterhouse model. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 33(4), 791–816. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-01-2019-0025

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Kazancoglu, Y., Ozkan-Ozen, Y. D., & Ozbiltekin, M. (2018). Minimizing losses in milk supply chain with sustainability: An example from an emerging economy. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 139, 270–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.08.020

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Nazam, M., Hashim, M., Baig, S. A., Abrar, M. & Shabbir, R. (2020). Modeling the key barriers of knowledge management adoption in sustainable supply chain. JEIM, 33(5), 1077–1109. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-09-2019-0271

 Google Scholar

Jouzdani, J., & Govindan, K. (2021). On the sustainable perishable food supply chain network design: A dairy products case to achieve sustainable development goals. Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, 123060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123060

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Garcia-Garcia, G., Woolley, E., & Rahimifard, S. (2017). Optimising Industrial Food Waste Management. Procedia Manufacturing, 8, 432–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.02.055

 Google Scholar

Mancini, M., Menozzi, D., Donati, M., Biasini, B., Veneziani, M., & Arfini, F. (2019). Producers’ and Consumers’ Perception of the Sustainability of Short Food Supply Chains: The Case of Parmigiano Reggiano PDO. Sustainability, 11(3), 721. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030721

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Verdecho, M., Pérez-Perales, D., & Alarcón-Valero, F. (2020). Project portfolio selection for increasing sustainability in supply chains. Econ Bus Lett, 9(4), 317–325. https://doi.org/10.17811/ebl.9.4.2020.317-325

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Shnayder, L., van Rijnsoever, F. J., Hekkert, M. P., & Linkov, I. (2015). Putting your money where your mouth is: Why sustainability reporting based on the triple bottom line can be misleading. PLos One, 10(3), e0119036. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119036

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Segura, M., Maroto, C., & Segura, B. (2019). Quantifying the Sustainability of Products and Suppliers in Food Distribution Companies. Sustainability, 11(21), 5875. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11215875

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Bustos, C. A., & Moors, E. H. M. (2018). Reducing post-harvest food losses through innovative collaboration: Insights from the Colombian and Mexican avocado supply chains. Journal of Cleaner Production, 199, 1020–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.187

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Carlos, P.-M. J., Piedra-Muñoz, L., Carmen, G.-B. M., & Giagnocavo, C. (2019). Response of Fresh Food Suppliers to Sustainable Supply Chain Management of Large European Retailers. Sustainability, 11(14), 3885. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143885

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ramos, S. (2016). SENSE tool: Easy-to-use web-based tool to calculate food product environmental impact. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21(5), 710–721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-015-0980-x

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Jarzębowski, S., Bourlakis, M., & Bezat-Jarzębowska, A. (2020). Short Food Supply Chains (SFSC) as Local and Sustainable Systems. Sustainability, 12(11), 4715. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114715

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Enjolras, G., & Aubert M. (2018). Short food supply chains and the issue of sustainability: a case study of French fruit producers. IJRDM, 46(2), 194–209. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-08-2016-0132

 Google Scholar

Matzembacher, D. E., & Meira, F. B. (2019). Sustainability as business strategy in community supported agriculture. BFJ, 121(2), 616–632. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-03-2018-0207

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Abdella, G. M., Kucukvar, M., Onat, N. C., Al-Yafay, H. M., & Bulak, M. E. (2020). Sustainability assessment and modeling based on supervised machine learning techniques: The case for food consumption. Journal of Cleaner Production, 251, 119661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119661

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Erol, I., Cakar, N., Erel, D., & Sari, R. (2009). Sustainability in the Turkish retailing industry. Sust. Dev., 17(1), 49–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.369

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Guliyeva, A. E., & Lis, M. (2020). Sustainability Management of Organic Food Organizations: A Case Study of Azerbaijan. Sustainability, 12(12), 5057. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125057

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Tsolakis, N., Anastasiadis, F, and Srai, J. (2018). Sustainability Performance in Food Supply Networks: Insights from the UK Industry. Sustainability, 10(9), 3148. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093148

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Saputri, V., Sutopo, W., Hisjam, M., & Ma’aram, A. (2019). Sustainable Agri-Food Supply Chain Performance Measurement Model for GMO and Non-GMO Using Data Envelopment Analysis Method. Applied Sciences, 9(6), 1199. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9061199

 Google Scholar

Allaoui, H., Guo, Y., Choudhary, A., & Bloemhof, J. (2018). Sustainable agro-food supply chain design using two-stage hybrid multi-objective decision-making approach. Computers & Operations Research, 89, 369–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2016.10.012

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Yakovleva, N., Sarkis, J., & Sloan, T. (2012). Sustainable benchmarking of supply chains: the case of the food industry. International Journal of Production Research, 50(5), 1297–1317. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011.571926

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Cao, S., Tian, D., Zhang, X., & Hou, Y. (2019). Sustainable Development of Food Processing Enterprises in China. Sustainability, 11(5), 1318. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051318

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Khan, S. A. R., Zkik, K., Belhadi, A., & Kamble, S. S. (2021). Evaluating barriers and solutions for social sustainability adoption in multi-tier supply chains. International Journal of Production Research, 59(11), 3378–3397. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1876271

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gold, S., Hahn, R., & Seuring, S. (2013). Sustainable supply chain management in “Base of the Pyramid” food projects—A path to triple bottom line approaches for multinationals?. International Business Review, 22(5), 784–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2012.12.006

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Gómez-Luciano, C. A., Rondón Domínguez, F. R., González-Andrés, F., & Urbano López De Meneses, B. (2018). Sustainable supply chain management: Contributions of supplies markets. Journal of Cleaner Production, 184, 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.233

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Köhler, S., & Pizzol, M. (2020). Technology assessment of blockchain-based technologies in the food supply chain. Journal of Cleaner Production, 269, 122193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122193

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Glover, J. (2020). The dark side of sustainable dairy supply chains. IJOPM, 40(12), 1801–1827. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-05-2019-0394

 Google Scholar

Nirino, N., Miglietta, N., & Salvi, A. (2019). The impact of corporate social responsibility on firms’ financial performance, evidence from the food and beverage industry. British Food Journal, 122(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-07-2019-0503

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Vasileiou, K., & Morris, J. (2006). The sustainability of the supply chain for fresh potatoes in Britain. Supp Chain Mnagmnt, 11(4), 317–327. https://doi.org/10.1108/13598540610671761

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Pullman, M. E., & Dillard, J. (2010). Values based supply chain management and emergent organizational structures. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 30(7), 744–771. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443571011057326

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Pellegrini, G., Annosi, M., Carmela, C. F., & Fiore, M. (2020). What are the Conflicting Tensions in an Italian Cooperative and How Do Members Manage Them? Business Goals’, Integrated Management, and Reduction of Waste within a Fruit and Vegetables Supply Chain. Sustainability, 12(7), 3050. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12073050

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar