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Indeed Category: Letter

Return of the founder Chikungunya virus to its place of introduction into Brazil is revealed by genomic characterization of exanthematic disease cases

, , , ORCID Icon, , , , ORCID Icon, , , , , , ORCID Icon, , , , ORCID Icon, & show all
Pages 53-57 | Received 25 Sep 2019, Accepted 02 Dec 2019, Published online: 27 Dec 2019

Figures & data

Figure 1. Return of the CHIKV-ECSA genotype into Bahia state northeast Brazil. (A) Spatial estimation of index P across the Bahia state, with Salvador, Feira de Santana and Vitoria da Conquista identified. Each pixel is the yearly mean index P (≈ 20 Km2) estimated using WorldClim V2 dataset as in [Citation5]. Values coloured according to scale on the left. (B) Molecular clock phylogeny obtained using 20 new CHIKV near-complete genome sequences from the 2017–2018 epidemic in the municipality of Feira de Santana (black tips). Salvador, Camaçari, Coração de Maria, Conceição do Jacuipe, Coaraci, Itamarajú e Ipecaetá, in the Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil plus 47 publicly available Brazilian CHIKV-ECSA lineage sequences. Numbers along branches represent clade posterior probability >0.90. Colours represent different locations. (C) Weekly number of laboratory confirmed cases of CHIKV between 2016 and 2018, superimposed with daily mean index P and 95% confidence interval (second Y axis). At the bottom, black bars indicate the collection dates of the viral genome sequences (n = 20) generated in this study.

Figure 1. Return of the CHIKV-ECSA genotype into Bahia state northeast Brazil. (A) Spatial estimation of index P across the Bahia state, with Salvador, Feira de Santana and Vitoria da Conquista identified. Each pixel is the yearly mean index P (≈ 20 Km2) estimated using WorldClim V2 dataset as in [Citation5]. Values coloured according to scale on the left. (B) Molecular clock phylogeny obtained using 20 new CHIKV near-complete genome sequences from the 2017–2018 epidemic in the municipality of Feira de Santana (black tips). Salvador, Camaçari, Coração de Maria, Conceição do Jacuipe, Coaraci, Itamarajú e Ipecaetá, in the Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil plus 47 publicly available Brazilian CHIKV-ECSA lineage sequences. Numbers along branches represent clade posterior probability >0.90. Colours represent different locations. (C) Weekly number of laboratory confirmed cases of CHIKV between 2016 and 2018, superimposed with daily mean index P and 95% confidence interval (second Y axis). At the bottom, black bars indicate the collection dates of the viral genome sequences (n = 20) generated in this study.
Supplemental material

Supplemental Material

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Data availability

New genome sequences obtained in this study have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MK156053 - MK156056; MK156058 - MK156064; MK752950 - MK752958.