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Emerging Microbes & Infections Volume 11, 2022 - Issue 1
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Research Article

Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis among pediatric inpatients in mainland China: a descriptive, multicenter study

Ping Chua Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0724-4182View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Yan Changa Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaView further author information
,
Xuan Zhanga Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaView further author information
,
Shujing Hana Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-9001View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Yaqiong Jina Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaView further author information
,
Yongbo Yua Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-4073View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Yeran Yanga Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2189-2207View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Guoshuang Fengb Big Data and Engineering Research Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaView further author information
,
Xinyu Wangb Big Data and Engineering Research Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaView further author information
,
Ying Shenc Department of Nephrology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaView further author information
,
Xin Nia Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China;d Department of Otolaryngology Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-2600View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Yongli Guoa Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1012-634XView further author information
ORCID Icon,
Jie Lua Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-4450View further author information
ORCID Icon & on behalf of the Futang Research Center of and Pediatric Development (FRCPD) show all
Pages 1090-1102 | Received 09 Nov 2021, Accepted 13 Mar 2022, Published online: 13 Apr 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. Distribution of participating hospitals comprising provincial (orange colour) and municipal hospitals (blue colour).

Figure 1. Distribution of participating hospitals comprising provincial (orange colour) and municipal hospitals (blue colour).

Figure 2. Distribution of pediatric TB cases among hospitals in our study.

Figure 2. Distribution of pediatric TB cases among hospitals in our study.

Table 1. Characteristics of EPTB and combined TB pediatric patients compared with PTB pediatric patients, China, 2015–2018.

Figure 3. EPTB disease sites among 2,130 pediatric patients in China, 2015–2018.

Figure 3. EPTB disease sites among 2,130 pediatric patients in China, 2015–2018.

Table 2. Demographic and clinical characteristics according to forms of EPTB, China, 2015–2018.

Table 3. Multivariate analysis of associated factors for different forms of EPTB, China, 2015–2018.

Figure 4. Age distributions of PTB and forms of EPTB in China, 2015–2018.

Figure 4. Age distributions of PTB and forms of EPTB in China, 2015–2018.

Table 4. Distribution of hospitalization expenses by different TB types, China, 2015–2018.

Figure 5. Hospitalization expenses among 4,654 pediatric patients in China, 2015–2018. A) Total hospitalization expenses of PTB and forms of EPTB. B) Out-of-pocket hospitalization expenses of PTB and forms of EPTB. C) Cost burdens of PTB and forms of EPTB. D) Catastrophic expenditures of PTB and forms of EPTB.

Figure 5. Hospitalization expenses among 4,654 pediatric patients in China, 2015–2018. A) Total hospitalization expenses of PTB and forms of EPTB. B) Out-of-pocket hospitalization expenses of PTB and forms of EPTB. C) Cost burdens of PTB and forms of EPTB. D) Catastrophic expenditures of PTB and forms of EPTB.

Figure 6. Expenses of PTB and forms of EPTB in China, 2015–2018.

Figure 6. Expenses of PTB and forms of EPTB in China, 2015–2018.
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Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis among pediatric inpatients in mainland China: a descriptive, multicenter study
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