Tobacco use among Kola Sámi, the indigenous people of the Murmansk region, Russia: A cross-sectional study

Figures & data

Table 1. TNP prevalence, product and age first tried, and reason for trying smoking.

Prevalence of TNP use
	Daily abs. (%)	At least once a week abs. (%)		Less than once a week. %	No current use abs. (%)
Cigarettes	120 (23.8%)	0 (0%)		6 (1.2%)	379 (75%)
Vaping	1 (0.2%)	1 (0.2%)		0 (0%)	503 (99.6%)
HTPs	15 (3.0%)	1 (0.2%)		0 (0%)	489 (96.8%)
Oral nicotine pouches	1 (0.2%)	0 (0%)		0 (0%)	504 (99.8%)
Snuff	0 (0%)	0 (0%)		0 (0%)	294 (100%)
Hookah	1 (0.2%)	15 (3.0%)		39 (7.7%)	450 (89.1%)
Any TNP	138 (27.3%)	17 (3.3%)		45 (8.9%)	195 (38.6%)
Tobacco or nicotine product tried first
Cigarettes			289 (93.2%)
HTPs			1 (0.2%)
Vaping			1 (0.2%)
Hookah			2 (0.4%)
Snuff			17 (3.4%)
Total			310 (100%)
Age at first use
Age			N (%)
6–10			20 (6.5%)
11–15			165 (53.4%)
16–20			113 (36.6%)
21–25			8 (2.6%)
26–30			2 (0.6%)
31–32			1 (0.3%)
Total			309* (100%)
Main reason for starting smoking
Curiosity, interest			172 (55.5%)
Smoking company			113 (36.5%)
Imitation of parents/adults			23 (7.4%)
Stress			1 (0.3%)
Didn’t answer			1 (0.3%)
Loneliness, lack of friends			0 (0%)
Fashion, advertising			0 (0%)
Boredom			0 (0%)
Total			310 (100%)

*One answer was not counted due to a typo in the answer.

Table 2. Triggers to smoke, and preferred source of cessation support.

Perceived triggers to smoke by strength on a scale of 1 (strongest) to 4 (weakest) among participants who had ever tried TNPs
Trigger strength	Spiritual wellbeing		Physical cravings for a smoke		Social triggers to smoke		Emotional or psychological triggers to smoke
1	8 (2.6%)		190 (61.3%)		52 (16.8%)		60 (19.4%)
2	55 (17.7%)		82 (26.5%)		68 (21.9%)		105 (33.9%)
3	142 (45.8%)		28 (9%)		72 (23.2%)		68 (21.9%)
4	105 (33.9%)		10 (3.2%)		118 (38.1%)		77 (24.8%)
Total	310 (100%)		310 (100%)		310 (100%)		310 (100%)
Preferred source of cessation support among participants who smoked*
Manage on my own				117 (92.9%)
Ask others how they had stopped				26 (20.6%)
Talk to my doctor				10 (7.94%)
Talk to a counsellor/psychologist				4 (3.2%)
Don’t know				1 (0.8%)
Total				158
Interest in a mobile application/website that could assist reduction or cessation of tobacco use.
		All participants (n = 505)				Participants who smoked daily (n = 120)
Not at all		47 (9.3%)				16 (13.3%)
Rather not interested		146 (28.9%)				30 (25%)
Hard to say (“so-so”)		101 (20%)				36 (30%)
Rather interested		151 (29.9%)				29 (24.2%)
Very interested		60 (11.9%)				9 (7.5%)

* Total number of participants was 126 (100%). Participants were allowed to choose several answers. The total number in the table could be more than 126.

Table 3. Perceptions about pack health warnings; and awareness of quit messages in newspapers, magazines or on television.

In the past 30 days, have warning labels on packaging made you think about quitting TNP use?
Type of product (abs. of product users)*	abs. (%)	No abs. (%)		I don’t know abs. (%)		I didn’t notice this warning abs. (%)
Cigarettes (n = 126)	3 (2.4%)	54 (42.9%)		0 (0%)		69 (54.8%)
Vaping (n = 3)	0 (0%)	3 (100%)		0 (0%)		0 (0%)
HTPs (n = 16)	0 (0%)	12 (75%)		0 (0%)		4 (25%)
Oral nicotine pouches (n = 1)	0 (0%)	1 (100%)		0 (0%)		0 (0%)
Hookah (n = 55)	0 (0%)	18 (32.7%)		0 (0%)		37 (67.3%)
In the past 30 days, have you noticed information in newspapers or magazines about the dangers of using tobacco products or information encouraging people to quit using tobacco products?
Type of product (abs. of the study participants n = 505)	Yes		No		Not applicable*
Cigarettes abs. (%)	31 (6.1%)		64 (12.7%)		410 (81.2%)
Snus abs. (%)	0 (0%)		95 (18.8%)		410 (81.2%)
Vaping abs. (%)	1 (0.2%)		94 (18.6%)		410 (81.2%)
HTPs abs. (%)	1 (0.2%)		94 (18.6%)		410 (81.2%)
Hookah abs. (%)	1 (0.2%)		94 (18.6%)		410 (81.2%)
Drugs abs. (%)	7 (1.4%)		88 (17.4%)		410 (81.2%)
In the past 30 days, have you noticed information on television about the dangers of using tobacco products or information encouraging people to quit using tobacco products?
Type of product (abs. of users)*	Yes	No		Don’t Know		Not applicable**
Cigarettes abs. (%)	202 (40%)	205 (40.6%)		1 (0.2%)		97 (19.2%)
Snus abs. (%)	0 (0%)	407 (80.6%)		1 (0.2%)		97 (19.2%)
Vaping abs. (%)	2 (0.4%)	405 (80.2%)		1 (0.2%)		97 (19.2%)
HTPs abs. (%)	1 (0.2%)	406 (80.4%)		1 (0.2%)		97 (19.2%)
Hookah abs. (%)	1 (0.2%)	406 (80.4%)		1 (0.2%)		97 (19.2%)
Drugs abs. (%)	13 (2.6%)	394 (78.0%)		1 (0.2%)		97 (19.2%)

** Participants did not currently read newspapers or magazines.

*** Participants did not currently watch TV.

Table 4. Intent to quit indicated by perceived likelihood participant would still be using the product they currently use 1 year in the future.

Current TNP used (total number of TNP consumers)*	Almost certainly not abs. (%)**	Probably not abs. (%)**	Probably yes abs. (%)**	Almost certainly yes abs. (%)**
Cigarettes (n = 126)	4 (3.2%)	9 (7.1%)	20 (15.9%)	93 (73.8%)
Vape (n = 3)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	3 (100%)	0 (0%)
HTPs (n = 16)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	8 (50%)	8 (50%)
Oral nicotine pouches (n = 1)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1 (100%)	0 (0%)
Hookah (n = 55)	0 (0%)	1 (1.8%)	30 (54.5%)	24 (43.6%)
Any type of TNP (n = 201)	4 (2.0%)	10 (5.0%)	62 (30.8%)	125 (62.2%)

* Total number of the participants was 310 (100%). Total could equal more than 310 as participants were allowed to choose multiple answers.

** Number of users of the TNP.

Data availability statement

The data underlying this article cannot be shared publicly due to the ethical responsibility to preserve the privacy of individuals that participated in the study. Individual participants could be identified if the data was made public due to the small number of Kola peninsula Sámi people and that about a third participated in the survey.