Clinico-epidemiological spectrum of melioidosis: a 2-year prospective study in the western coastal region of India

Figures & data

Figure 1: Geographical distribution of 28 melioidosis cases.

Figure 2: Relationship between average monthly rainfall, occurrence of cases, bacteraemia and deaths.

Table 1: Clinical presentation in melioidosis cases

Clinical presentation	Number of cases (n)	Septic shock cases (%)	Deaths (%)
Bacteraemic melioidosis	18	05	05
Pneumonia	08	03 (37.5)	03 (37.5)
Septic arthritis	01	-	-
Lymphadenopathy	01	-	-
No evident focus	06	01 (16.7)	01 (16.7)
Genitourinary	01	01 (100.0)	01 (100.0)
Cellulitis	01	-	-
Non Bacteraemic melioidosis	10	02	02
Pneumonia	01	01 (100.0)	01 (100.0)
Septic arthritis	02	-	-
Lymphadenopathy	02	-	-
Genitourinary	02	01(50.0)	01(50.0)
Splenic Abscess	01	-	-
Soft tissue abscess	02	-	-
Total	28	07	07

Table 2: Risk factors in melioidosis

	Risk factor	Number (% total cases)	Died (% mortality)	p - value^a (Fischer’s exact test)
1	Exposure to soil	21 (75.0)	5 (23.8)	0.58
2	Diabetes	18 (64.3)	6 (33.3)	0.18
3	Age ≥ 40 years	18 (64.3)	6 (33.3)	0.36
4	Alcoholism	06 (21.4)	3 (50)	0.14
5	Chronic kidney disease	04 (14.3)	3 (75)	0.04
6	Chronic lung disease	03 (10.7)	1 (33.3)	0.59
7	Immunocompromised state^b	03 (10.8)
8	No defined risk factor	01 (3.6)

^a Risk factors present versus mortality in culture positive.

^b One case of preterm, steroid therapy and malnutrition.