Pathological vestibular symptoms presenting in a group of adults with HIV/AIDS in Johannesburg, South Africa

Figures & data

Table 1: Demographics of the participants (N = 96)

Factor	Sub-Category	Number			Percentage
Gender	Male	47			49 %
	Female	49			51 %
		M	F	Total
Age ranges (years)	18–30	4	1	5	5%
	31–40	19	25	44	46%
	41–55	24	23	47	49%
CD4 count (/mm^3)(92/96 participants had CD4 counts)	Asymptomatic(stage 1)
	>500/mm^3	2	16	18	20%
	Symptomatic (stage 2)
	200–499/mm^3	35	27	62	67%
	AIDS (stage 3)
	<200/mm^3	7	5	12	13%
Vertigo	Present	6	10	16	17%
	Absent	41	39	80	83%
Hearing status	Present	9	12	21	22%
	Absent	38	37	75	78%
Tinnitus	Present	14	17	31	32%
	Absent	33	32	65	68%
Aural fullness	Present	8	17	25	26%
	Absent	39	32	71	77%
Otalgia	Present	6	3	9	9%
	Absent	41	46	87	91%
Otorrhea	Present	2	1	3	3%
	Absent	45	48	93	97%

Figure 1: Participant distribution.

Figure 2: The occurrence of vertigo in the sample evaluated (N = 96).

Table 2: Frequency of co-occurring audiological symptoms

Co-occurring audiological symptom (with vertigo)	Number of occurrences
Tinnitus	9/11 (81%)
Aural fullness	8/11 (72%)
Hearing loss	5/11 (45%)
Otalgia	3/11 (27%)
Otorrhea	2/11 (18%)

Figure 3: The occurrence of pathological vestibular symptoms (N = 16).

Figure 4: The psychological effect that vestibular symptoms had on participants experiencing vestibular symptoms (N = 16).

Figure 5: The effect that the pathological vestibular symptoms had on the participants’ activity and participation in everyday life (N = 16).

Figure 6: Number of participants who reported the pathological vestibular symptoms to healthcare workers versus the number of participants who did not (N = 16).

Table

Patient file no:
Patient number:
Age:
Gender:	F M

Table

HEALTH AT PRESENT?
Good	>500
Fair	200-499
Bad/poor	<200

Table

	Yes	No			Yes	No
Dizziness	✓	x		Vertigo	✓	x
“I sometimes feel weak and unsteady and feel like I want to faint. I have to sit down for a little bit before I can carry on”			VS	“It feels like the room is going round and round and spinning in circles even when I am standing still.Afterwards I feel like I want to get sick.

Table

Symptom	✓	Symptom	✓	Symptom	✓
Dizziness		Spinning		Fatigue
Lightheaded		Headache		Other:
Falling		Confused
Unsteadiness		Double vision
Rocking/tilting		Nausea/ vomiting
Fainting		Visual changes

Table

Hearing loss

Do you have any difficulty with your hearing?

YES

NO

If yes, which ear?

LEFT

RIGHT

BOTH

Was it like this before you were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS?

YES

NO

Tinnitus

Do you ever hear a ringing/buzzing/hissing sound in your ears?

When did the sound begin?

How frequently do you hear it?

RARELY

SOMETIMES

DAILY

ALWAYS

Where do you hear it?

LEFT

RIGHT

BOTH

NOT SURE

Aural fullness

YES

NO

Sore ears

YES

NO

Liquid coming out of the ears

YES

NO

Table

MEDICAL PROBLEM	✓	MEDICAL PROBLEM	✓	MEDICAL PROBLEM	✓
Trauma to the head		Concussion		Parkinson’s disease
TB		Multiple sclerosis		Stroke
Cancer		Glaucoma		Diabetes
Syphilis		Neuropathy		Ataxia
High/low BP		Tumour		Seizures
Migraine headaches		Anxiety/panic attacks		Other:
Meniere’s disease		Cervical spine Arthritis

Table

MEDICATION NAME	REASON	Dizziness experienced since usage
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Table

	Does it affect your ability to work?		Is it more difficult to do housework?
	Is it difficult to use transport?		Is it difficult for you to walk?
	Are you scared to go out alone? (In case of falling/vomiting etc.)		Do you do less activities now than you used to? (Because of the dizziness etc.)
	Does your dizziness etc. make you feel sad?
NOTES:

Table

	1. Embarrassed		2. Frustrated
	3. Scared		4. Irritable
NOTES:

Table