Healthcare-associated infection in the Grey’s Hospital paediatric intensive care unit: does an Infection Control Programme work?

Figures & data

Table 1: PICU patient and line characteristics

Admissions		Before (n = 449) no. (%)	After (n = 410) no. (%)
Clinical category	Medical	242 (54)	216 (53)
	Surgical	207 (46)	194 (47)
Age groups	< 28 days	18 (4)	12 (3)
	28 days to < 1 year	193 (43)	152 (37)
	1 year to 5 years	127 (28)	129 (32)
	> 5 years	111 (25)	117 (28)
Patient days		2 537	2 532
Device days		Before (n = 4 118)	After (n = 3 321)*
Type of device	Central venous catheter	721 (18)	519 (16)*
	Urinary catheter	1 903 (46)	1 309 (39)*
	Endotracheal tube (ETT)	1 494 (36)	1 493 (45)

*In the post-intervention period three months had incomplete device data and were therefore not included in the analysis.

Table 2: HAI organism profile

Type	Organism	Before (n = 109^§) no. (%)	After (n = 93^§) no. (%)
Gram-negative	All Klebsiella pneumoniae	27 (24)	23 (25)
	Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella	13 (48)	11 (48)
	Acinetobacter baumannii	20 (18)	12 (13)
	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	9 (8)	19 (20)
	Escherichia coli	11 (10)	10 (11)
	Serratia marcescens	5 (5)	0 (0)
	Other*	16 (15)	12 (13)
	Total	88 (80)	76 (82)
Gram-positive	Enterococcus species	14 (13)	14 (15)
	Staphylococcus aureus	6 (6)	3 (3)
	Streptococcus mitis	1 (1)	0 (0)
	Total	21 (20)	17 (18)

^§Organisims identified are more than the total HAI because some cultures yielded more than one organism.

*Other included Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Morganella and Proteus species.

Table 3: HAI occurrence before and after implementation of the Infection Control Programme, and relative risk for HAI after the intervention

Factor	Before (n = 102)	After (n = 81)	Relative risk (95% confidence interval)	p-value
HAI per 100 admissions	23	20	0.9 (0.5–1.5)	0.61
HAI per 1 000 patient days	40	32	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	0.34
BSI number	26	15	0.7 (0.4–1.3)	0.27
Per 100 admissions	6	4	0.7 (0.2–2.3)	0.52
Per 1 000 patient days	10	6	0.6 (0.2–1.6)	0.32
Per 1 000 CVC days	36	15*	0.4 (0.2–0.8)	0.004
UTI number	16	10	0.8 (0.4–1.6)	0.52
Per 100 admissions	4	2	0.5 (0.1–2.7)	0.42
Per 1 000 patient days	6	4	0.7 (0.2–2.4)	0.53
Per 1 000 urinary catheter days	8	5*	0.6 (0.2–1.9)	0.41
VAP number	28	31	1.4 (0.9–2.1)	0.12
Per 100 admissions	6	8	1.3 (0.5–3.7)	0.58
Per 1 000 patient days	11	12	1.1 (0.5–2.5)	0.83
Per 1 000 ETT days	19	21	1.1 (0.6–2.0)	0.75
‘Other’ number	32	25	1.0 (0.6–1.5)	0.94
Per 100 admissions	7	6	0.9 (0.3–2.5)	0.77
Per 1 000 patient days	13	10	0.8 (0.3–1.8)	0.53

*In the post-intervention period three months had incomplete line data and were therefore not included in the after analysis.