Influence of vaccination status and clinical, seasonal and sociodemographic factors on rotavirus prevalence in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Figures & data

Table 1: Clinical, vaccination status, seasonal and sociodemographic characteristics of study participants in KwaZulu-Natal

Item			Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	RV positive (n = 83)	Total	OR	95% CI	p-value	OR (adj)	95% CI	p-value
Gender:
Male	45 (22%)	206	1			1
Female	38 (24%)	159	1.1	(0.7–1.8)	0.5	0.9	(0.5–1.8)	0.8
Age groups (months):
(0–11)	49 (22%)	224	2.0	(0.8–5.0)	0.13	1.9	(0.6–6.0)	0.3
(12–23)	28 (30%)	92	3.1	(1.2–8.2)	0.02	2.3	(0.7–6.9)	0.1
(24–60)	6 (12%)	49	1			1.0
Vaccination status:
Completely/incompletely vaccinated	64 (25%)	260	1.5	(0.8–2.6)	0.2	1.5	(0.7–3.1)	0.3
Not vaccinated	19 (18%)	105	1.0			1.0
HIV infection status:
HIV infected	9 (23%)	39	0.9	(0.4–2.1)	0.8	0.6	(0.2–1.5)	0.2
HIV unexposed	50 (25%)	203	1			1.0
HIV exposed uninfected	13 (24%)	55	0.9	(0.5–1.9)	0.9	0.7	(0.3–1.6)	0.4
Status unknown	11 (16%)	68	0.6	(0.3–1.2)	0.2	1.1	(0.4–2.7)	0.9
Zinc supplementation:
Zinc given	51 (28%)	183	2.4	(1.3–4.2)	0.003	2.1	(1.0–4.1)	0.04
Zinc not given	20 (14%)	142	1			1.0
Status unknown	12 (30%)	40	2.6	(1.1–6.0)	0.02	1.1	(0.4–3.0)	0.8
Anti-helminth treatment:
Anti-helminth given	16 (23%)	69	1.1	(0.6–2.0)	0.8	0.8	(0.3–1.9)	0.6
Anti-helminth not given	61 (22%)	277	1			1
Status unknown	6 (32%)	19	1.6	(0.6–4.5)	0.3	2.2	(0.5–9.1)	0.3
Seasonality:
Winter	79 (46%)	172	40.1	(14.3–113.0)	< 0.001	43.3	(14.9–125.0)	< 0.001
Spring/summer/autumn	4 (2%)	193	1			1

RV: rotavirus; OR: odds ratio; OR (adj): adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; p-value: measure of significance (p < 0.05).

Table 2: Genotypes of rotaviruses in KwaZulu-Natal (n = 29)

G/P-types	n (%)
G9P[8]	6 (20.7)
G9P[4]	4 (13.8)
G12P[4]	3 (10.3)
G9P[6]	2 (6.9)
G4/8P[6]	1 (3.4)
G4P[6]	1 (3.4)
G12P[6]	1 (3.4)
G8P[10]	1 (3.4)
G9P[10]	1 (3.4)
G9P[NT]	4 (13.8)
G12P[NT]	1 (3.4)
G8[NT]	1 (3.4)
G1P[NT]	1 (3.4)
NTP[4]	2 (6.9)

NT: non-typeable, n: total number of genotypes.