Review on contribution of integrated soil fertility management for climate change mitigation and agricultural sustainability

Figures & data

Figure 1. Carbon sequestration potential of soil.

Figure 2. The relationship between climate change and soil management.

Figure 3. Residual effect of farm yard manure on grain of barley.

Table 1. Major farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa

Farming system	Percent of land	Principal crop
Integrated	9	Rice, cotton, vegetables, rainfed crops, cattle, poultry
Tree crop	18	Cocoa, coffee, oil palm, rubber, yams, maize, off-farm work
Forest based	14	Cassava, maize, beans, cocoyams
Maize mixed	33	Maize, tobacco, cotton, cattle, goats, poultry, off-farm work
Agro pastoral	8	Sorghum, pearl millet, pulses, sesame, cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, off-farm work
Pastoral	17	Cattle, camels, sheep, goats, remittances
Urban based	1	Fruit, vegetables, dairy, cattle, goats, poultry, off-farm work

Source FAO; 2016

Table 2. Maize productivity along different treatment (Adapted from: Vanlauwe, Unpublished data)

Plant height (cm)	No. of leaves (cm^2)	Leaf area (t/ha)	Stover yield (t/ha)	Grain yield (t/ha)	Root dry (%)	Matter	Increase in grain
Control	72.60e	8.00 c	14d	3.23 c	2.84 c	0.67b	-
2.5 t/ha OG	89.70e	9.33bc	20 c	3.59 c	3.00b	0.93a	5.63
5 t/ha OG	107.90d	9.23 c	19 c	3.97bc	3.11b	0.97a	9.51
10 t/ha OG	149.40 c	12.00b	32b	4.99b	4.25a	0.99a	49.65
2.5 t/ha OMF	129.40 c	12.20b	44a	5.34a	4.55a	1.10a	60.21
5 t/ha OMF	169.20b	14.59a	31b	5.36a	4.78a	1.00a	68.31
10 t/ha OMF	164.10b	12.40b	30b	4.63b	3.94a	0.97a	38.72
300 kg/ha NPK	194.00a	12.3b	24 c	4.23b	3.44ab	0.93a	12.13

Table 3. Effect of integrated soil fertility management on soil properties

Treatments (kgha^−1)	pH (H2O)	OC (%)	N (%)	P (ppm)	NO3^− (ppm)	NH4^+ (ppm)
Control	5.57	1.36	0.14	9.4	6.00	8.55b
Farmers NP rate(23/10/0)	5.36	1.61	0.16	11.00	6.33b	9.25
Recommended NP rate(60/20/0)	5.26	1.83	0.17	15.55	7.20	9.78
50% of recommended NP rate+50% manure + 50% of compost as N equivalence	5.76	2.06	0.18	15.57	10.60	13.60
50% of manure +50% of compost as N equivalence	6.15	1.98	0.17	15.52	9.78	10.70
F-probability	*	**	*	**	**	*
LSD0.05	0.39	0.21	0.02	3.40	1.82	2.97
CV (%)	4.55	13.2	2.69	16.40	14.81	18.61

Source; (Agegnehu et al., 2014).

Figure 4. Effect of INM on sustainable crop growth.

Figure 5. Interaction between mineral fertilizer and farmer available organic input(OI).

Source (B. Vanlauwe et al., 2010)

Agegnehu, G., vanBeek, C., & Bird, M. I., Agegnehu. (2014). Influence of integrated soil fertility management in wheat and tef productivity and soil chemical properties in the highland tropical environment. Journal of Soil science and Plant Nutrition, 14(3), 532-545. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-95162014005000042.

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Vanlauwe, B., Bationo, A., Chianu, J., Giller, K. E., Merckx, R., Mokwunye, U., Ohiokpehai, O., Pypers, P., Tabo, R., Shepherd, K., Smaling, E. M. A., & Woomer, P. L. (2010). Integrated soil fertility management: Operational definition and consequences for implementation and dissemination. Outlook on Agriculture, 39(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000010791169998

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