Evaluating the impact of simulation-based instruction on critical thinking in the Colombian Caribbean: An experimental study

Figures & data

Table 1. Statistical Overview: Minimum, Maximum, and Average Academic Grades Comparison

Group	Min - Max	Mean
SBL	3.0–4.7	4.18
Conventional method	3.2–4.6	3.80

Table 2. Student Groups Overview: Count and Description Based on Gender and Learning Methods

Subjets	SBL	Conventional Method	Total
Female	15	18	33
Male	4	4	8
			41

Table 3. Pre and Post-Test Academic Performance: A Comparison Using the Conventional Method

	Pre-test			Post-test
	Min	Max	Mean	Min	Max	Mean
Argument evaluation	2	4	2.81	4	6	5.45
Deductive and inductive reasoning	2	4	2.72	4	7	5.68
Recognizing assumptions	2	4	3.18	4	7	5.40
Drawing inferences	2	4	2.90	4	7	5.90
Logical interpretation	2	3	2.77	4	7	5.36

Table 4. Simulation-Based Learning (SBL) Impact: Comparative Analysis of Academic Grades Before and After Implementation

	Pre-test			Post-test
	Min	Max	Mean	Min	Max	Mean
Argument evaluation	2	4	3.10	5	7	6.52
Deductive and inductive reasoning	2	5	3	9	10	9.21
Recognizing assumptions	2	4	3.15	8	10	8.89
Drawing inferences	2	4	3.10	8	9	8.84
Logical interpretation	2	5	2.68	5	7	6.21

Table 6. Course Objective Assessment: Questionnaire Administered to Both Simulation-Based and Conventional Learning Groups

	Conventional method			SBL
	Min	Max	Mean	Min	Max	Mean
Using a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no understanding and 10 signifies complete understanding, how would you rate your comprehension of the primary theoretical frameworks in economic development?	5	7	6.09	4	9	5.73
Using a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no capability and 10 signifies maximum proficiency, how would you rate your ability to assess diverse theoretical perspectives?	3	8	4.86	3	8	5.31
On a scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no association and 10 signifies a strong association, how would you rate the correlation between theoretical approaches and case studies?	2	8	5.40	9	10	9.15
Using a range from 0 to 10, where 0 signifies no perceived connection and 10 denotes a very strong perceived connection, how would you rate the link between political and social factors when assessing development across various geographical regions?	4	7	5.45	9	10	9.31
On a scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no enhancement at all and 10 signifies the maximum possible improvement, how much would you say your writing and communication skills have progressed?	4	7	5.40	7	10	9.31

Table 5. T test: Comparative Analysis of Pre- and Post-Test Scores in Critical Thinking Components

	Pre - test		Post - test
Argument evaluation t-test	t-stat	1,794	t-stat	6,6
	P-value	0,090	P-value	0
Deductive and inductive reasoning	t-stat	1,000	t-stat	19,4
	P-value	0,331	P-value	1,62
Recognizing assumptions	t-stat	−0,271	t-stat	17,8
	P-value	0,790	P-value	7,12
Drawing inferences	t-stat	−0,622	t-stat	12,03
	P-value	0,542	P-value	4,82
Logical interpretation	t-stat	−0,524	t-stat	3,61
	P-value	0,607	P-value	0,001