Prediction of everyday task performance in older adults by perceived health, self-efficacy and cognitive ability

Figures & data

Table 1. Means and standard deviations for age, education level and analysis variables

Variable	Mean	S.D.
Age-all participants	76.5	7.48
Females	76.6	7.67
Males	76.3	7.02
Years of education	10.8	3.14
Subjective health	7.8	1.74
PIC-internal	61.4	6.58
PIC-chance	43.0	13.35
PIC-achievement	57.6	7.92
PIC-morale	43.0	13.01
PIC-powerful others	50.6	13.13
PIC-anxiety	48.0	15.43
Cognistat-calculations	3.8	0.63
Cognistat-reasoning	10.0	2.01
Cognistat-memory	10.1	2.22
Cognistat-constructions	4.5	1.36
Cognistat-language	25.3	2.74
DAFS-time orientation	15.8	1.02
DAFS-communication abilities	12.0	1.50
DAFS-transportation	11.5	1.28
DAFS-financial skills	19.0	2.86
DAFS-shopping skills	20.3	2.00

Notes: PIC- Personality in Intellectual-Aging Contexts; DAFS-Direct Assessment of Functional Skills.

Table 2. Correlations of functional domains with predictor variables

Predictor variables	Time orientation	Communication abilities	Transportation	Financial skills	Shopping skills
Subjective health	−.04	−.24**	−.09	−.07	−.17**
PIC-internal	.09	.26**	.23*	.39***	.23**
Chance	.18*	.41***	.38***	.36***	.28***
Achievement	.22**	.4”.)***	.37***	.49***	.31***
Morale	.14*	.30***	.36***	.31***	.24**
Powerful others	.14	.39***	.40***	.52***	.30***
Anxiety	.24**	.41***	.31**	.46***	.31***
Cognistat-calculations	.20*	.41***	.34***	.42***	.36***
Reasoning	.19*	.37***	.20*	.38***	.42***
Memory	.37**	.54***	.50***	.63***	.52***
Constructions	.32**	.50***	.15	.55***	.34***
Language	.28**	.54***	.44***	.48***	.45***

Note: PIC-Personality in intellectual-aging context

* p < .05.

** p < .01.

*** p < .001.

Table 3. Prediction of time orientation

Predictor	Beta	R^2 change	p
Subjective health rating	−.04	.00	.65
PIC-self-efficacy scales:		.08	.11
PIC-internal	−.15		.16
PIC-chance	.02		.88
PIC-achievement	.12		.28
PIC-morale	−.05		.69
PIC-powerful others	−.32		.03
PIC-anxiety	.28		.05
Cognistat-cognitive variables:		.15	.001
Cognistat-calculations	.09		.34
Cognistat-reasoning	−.00		.99
Cognistat-memory	.31		.003
Cognistat-constructions	.21		.04
Cognistat-language	.01		.94

Note: PIC-Personality in intellectual aging context.

Table 4. Prediction of communication abilities

Predictor	Beta	R^2 change	p
Subjective health rating	−.23	.06	.006
PIC-self-efficacy scales:		.20	.000
PIC-internal	−.06		.50
PIC-chance	.15		.22
PIC-achievement	.15		.09
PIC-morale	−.14		.16
PIC-powerful others	−.18		.13
PIC-anxiety	.13		.26
Cognistat-cognitive variables:		.25	.000
Cognistat-calculations	.16		.03
Cognistat-reasoning	.05		.49
Cognistat-memory	.28		.001
Cognistat-constructions	.17		.04
Cognistat-language	.19		.03

Table 5. Prediction of transportation

Predictor	Beta	R^2 change	p
Subjective health rating	−.09	.01	.37
PIC-self-efficacy scales:		.20	.002
PIC-internal	−.01		.96
PIC-chance	.13		.41
PIC-achievement	.10		.40
PIC-morale	.03		.84
PIC- powerful others	.22		.15
PIC-anxiety	−.16		.26
Cognistat-cognitive variables:		.19	.000
Cognistat-calculations	.08		.46
Cognistat-reasoning	−.06		.56
Cognistat-memory	.37		.001
Cognistat-constructions	−.28		.01
Cognistat-language	.23		.06

Note: PIC-Personality in intellectual-aging context.

Table 6. Prediction of financial skills

Predictor	Beta	R^2 change	p
Subjective health rating	−.07	.01	.40
PIC-self-efficacy scales:		.33	.000
PIC-internal	.02		.76
PIC-chance	−.10		.36
PIC-achievement	.12		.15
PIC- morale	−.12		.21
PIC-powerful others	.09		.40
PIC-anxiety	.19		.07
Cognistat-cognitive variables:		.24	.000
Cognistat-calculations	.12		.08
Cognistat-reasoning	.01		.87
Cognistat- memory	.40		.000
Cognistat-constructions	.18		.02
Cognistat-language	.10

Note: Personality in intellectual-aging context.

Table 7. Prediction of shopping skills

Predictor	Beta	R^2 change	p
Subjective health rating	−.17	.03	.05
PIC-self-efficacy scales:		.11	.01
PIC-internal	−.01		.90
PIC-chance	.03		.85
PIC-achievement	.06		.55
PIC-morale	−.10		.35
PIC-powerful others	−.10		.43
PIC-anxiety	.09		.49
Cognistat-cognitive variables:		.25	.000
Cognistat-calculations	.15		.07
Cognistat-reasoning	.20		.02
Cognistat-memory	.34		.000
Cognistat-constructions	.00		.99
Cognistat-language	.15		.12

Note: PIC: Personality in intellectual-aging context.