An investigation into the correlates of collective psychological ownership in organizational context

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive statistics of CPO (N = 761)

Predictor	M (SD) or N (%)
Gender
Male	216 (28.40)
Female	545 (71.60)
Age group
24 or below	189 (24.80)
25–29	429 (56.40)
30–34	111 (14.60)
35–39	17 (2.20)
40 or above	5 (.70)
Education level
Secondary school or below	18 (2.40)
Associate degree	213 (28.00)
Bachelor	460 (60.40)
Master or above	59 (7.80)
Religion
None	667 (87.60)
Catholic or Christian	6 (.80)
Buddhism	51 (6.70)
Others	14 (1.80)
Marital status
Single or unmarried	491 (64.50)
Married or cohabiting	266 (35.00)
Separated or widowed	4 (.50)
Professional qualification
Social work	486 (63.90)
Occupational therapy	4 (.50)
Physiotherapy	1 (.10)
Business management	35 (4.60)
Others	235 (30.90)
Service users
Teenagers or children	163 (21.40)
The elderly	165 (21.70)
People with disability	36 (4.70)
Ex-mentally ill persons	21 (2.80)
Families	127 (16.70)
Students	14 (1.80)
Others	235 (30.90)
Organizational sizes
Fewer than 20	52 (6.80)
20–49	97 (12.70)
50–99	100 (13.10)
100 or above	512 (67.30)
Job position
Admin assistant	49 (6.40)
Frontline workers	492 (64.70)
Middle manger	187 (24.60)
Senior manager	33 (4.30)
Monthly income (RMB)
4,000 or below	468 (61.50)
4,001–5,000	195 (25.60)
5,001–6,000	52 (6.80)
6,001 and above	46 (6.00)
Family economic status	3.60 (1.10)
Job tenure	2.06 (1.86)
Hours of work	41.03 (7.96)
Job demands	7.52 (6.53)
Job resources	.28 (8.61)
Membership identification	8.33 (2.03)
Burnout	46.41 (7.53)
Work engagement	29.88 (9.37)

Note: *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.

Table 2. Summary of bivariate analyses results for correlates of CPO (N = 761)

Predictor	CPO
	(T-test/ANOVA/Pearson correlations)
Gender	t(759) = 2.08*
Male	13.43 (4.26)
Female	12.72 (4.19)
Age group	F(4, 756) = 1.04
24 or below	12.55 (4.32)
25–29	12.97 (4.06)
30–34	13.03 (4.47)
35–39	14.29 (3.58)
40 or above	13.87 (5.71)
Education level	F(3, 746) = 3.19*
Secondary school or below	14.11 (4.32)
Associate degree	13.21 (4.26)
Bachelor	12.58 (4.09)
Master or above	14.03 (4.85)
Religion	F(3, 757) = 1.83
None	12.80 (4.21)
Catholic or Christian	13.45 (4.13)
Buddhism	14.16 (4.17)
Others	13.21 (4.51)
Organizational sizes	F(3, 757) = 5.18**
Fewer than 20	14.54 (4.58)
20–49	13.53 (4.58)
50–99	11.94 (4.12)
100 or above	12.83 (4.07)
Job position	F(3, 757) = 9.31***
Admin assistant	13.37 (4.15)
Frontline workers	12.51 (4.13)
Middle manger	13.32 (4.22)
Senior manager	16.21 (4.03)
Monthly income (RMB)	F(3, 757) = 19.27***
4,000 or below	12.41 (4.11)
4,001–5,000	13.26 (4.00)
5,001–6,000	12.52 (3.97)
6,001 and above	17.11 (4.09)
Family economic status	.16**
Job tenure	.12**
Hours of work	.12**
Job demands	.09**
Job resources	.46**
Membership identification	.60**
Burnout	−.22**
Work engagement	.45**

Note: *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.

CPO: Collective psychological ownership.

Table 3. Correlations between the hypothesized predictors of CPO (N = 761)

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
Gender (1)	1
Education level (2)	−.054	1
Family economic status (3)	.016	.068	1
Job tenure (4)	−.038	.176***	.021	1
Position (5)	−.060	−.002	.133***	.180***	1
Monthly income (6)	−.176***	.324***	.149***	.490***	.386***	1
Hours of work (7)	−.099**	.097**	.015	.194***	.105**	.194***	1
Organizational size (8)	.050	.002	−.045	.062	−.137***	−.060	−.037	1
Job demands (9)	−.024	.089**	−.006	.177***	.071	.222***	.289***	−.006	1
Job resources (10)	−.031	−.168***	.170***	.000	.043	−.004	.023	.087**	.108**	1
Membership identification (11)	.019	−.100**	.166***	.092**	.101**	.125**	.050	−.011	.080**	.429***	1

Note. * p < .05; ** p < .01; *** p < .001

Table 4. Summary of hierarchical regression analyses for variables predicting CPO (N = 761)

Predictor	CPO
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Gender	−.037	−.038	−.017	−.041
Education level	−.108**	−.108**	−.017	.022
Family economic status	.131***	.132***	.044	.006
Job tenure	.028	.026	.026	.005
Job position	.017	.016	.011	.013
Monthly income	.200***	.194***	.192***	.136***
Hours of work	.082*	.073	.072*	.064
Organizational size	−.069	−.069	−.115***	−.097**
Job demands		.036	−.022	−.025
Job resources			.464***	.277***
Membership identification				.462***
R^2	.087	.088	.284	.451
ΔR^2	NA	.001	.196	.167
F for change in R^2	8.781***	.907	202.649***	224.844***

Notes: *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.

CPO: Collective psychological ownership.