Disordered eating: Influence of body image, sociocultural attitudes, appearance anxiety and depression - a focus on college males and a gender comparison

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics and descriptives for males

	% Total sample	At-risk	Not At-risk
Total N	133	10.5% (N = 14)	89.5% (N = 119)
Race
Caucasian	80.5%	78.6%	80.7%
African American	11.3%	7.1%	11.8%
Hispanic	3.8%	0%	4.2%
Native American	1.5%	0%	1.7%
Other	3%	14.3%	1.7%
Marital Status
Single	97%	100%	96.6%
Married	2.2%	0%	2.2%
Divorced	0.8%	0%	0.8%
Age
18–22 years	82.7%	85.7%	82.4%
23–30 years	13.7%	14.2%	13.4%
31–40 years	1.6%	0%	1.6%
41and over	2%	0%	2%
Body shape satisfaction*	44.8%	84.6%	7.7%
Body shape dissatisfaction*	65.2%	13.4%%	75.3%

*Body shape satisfaction and dissatisfaction were determined by the Stunkard Body Figural Scale

Table 2. Internal consistency of scales

Scale	Number of items	Cronbach’s Alpha
EAT-26	26	.82
SATAQ	30	.93
SAAS	16	.96
BDI	21	.90

Table 3. Descriptive and inferential statistics for male participant outcome variables and gender comparison for SAAS

		M	SD	t-value	p-value	Cohen’s d
BMI	At-risk	29.94	6.14	0.051	.959	0.02
	Not at-risk	30.05	7.70
SATAQ Total	At-risk	92.07	24.85	−3.19	.002**	0.79
	Not at-risk	74.69	18.59
SATAQ Internalizing Subscale-General	At-risk	28.21	9.81	−3.10	.002**	0.75
	Not at-risk	21.80	7.01
SATAQ Internalizing Subscale-Athlete	At-risk	18.86	5.78	−1.914	.058*	0.48
	Not at-risk	16.40	4.40
SATAQ Pressure Subscale	At-risk	19.93	7.41	−3.55	.001**	0.86
	Not at-risk	14.46	5.19
SATAQ Information Subscale	At-risk	25.07	7.11	−1.54	.127	0.43
	Not at-risk	22.03	6.98
SAAS	At-risk	35.43	15.55	−1.32	.189	0.36
	Not at-risk	30.13	14.06
	Women at-risk	47.51	2.03			1.09
	Women not at-risk	33.28	14.21	−2.08	.041*
BDI	At-risk	9.85	7.44	−1.69	.093	0.49
	Not at-risk	6.27	7.19

*significant at p < .05; **significant at p < .01

Table 4. Logistic regression analysis (males)

Predictor	β	SE β	Wald’s χ^2	df	p	Odds Ratio
Constant	−6.06	2.16	7.87	1	.005	.005
Body Satisfaction	−.026	.264	.009	1	.923	.975
BMI	−.011	.054	.043	1	.836	.989
Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance	.049	.019	6.302	1	.012*	1.05
Social Appearance Anxiety	−.002	.027	.004	1	.951	.998
Depression	.029	.047	.378	1	.539	1.029

*significant at p < .05

Table 5. Descriptive and inferential statistics for at-risk males and females

		M	SD	t-value	p-value	Cohen’s d
BMI	Males at-risk	29.94	6.14	1.79	.078
	Females at-risk	26.00	7.70
SATAQ Total	Males at-risk	92.07	24.85	−1.53	.130
	Females at-risk	103.21	24.50
SATAQ Internalizing Subscale-General	Males at-risk	28.21	9.81	−0.94	.348
	Females at-risk	30.79	9.06
SATAQ Internalizing Subscale-Athlete	Males at-risk	18.86	5.78	0.144	.886
	Females at-risk	18.64	4.95
SATAQ Pressure Subscale	Males at-risk	19.93	7.41	−2.94	.004**	0.84
	Females at-risk	25.85	6.67
SATAQ Information Subscale	Males at-risk	25.07	7.11	−1.13	.262
	Females at-risk	27.93	8.84
SAAS	Males at-risk	35.43	15.55	−2.08	.041*	0.67
	Females at-risk	47.51	20.34
BDI	Males at-risk	9.85	7.44	−1.10	.274
	Females at-risk

*significant at p < .05; **significant at p < .01