Cultural validity trouble in measuring value concept: A study on validity of Schwartz Value Survey in Turkish culture

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the participants

Characteristic		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	Total
Gender		Men	Women							–
	n	156	233							389
	%	40.1	59.9							100
Age		20–25	26–30	31–35	36–40	41–45	46–50	51–55	56–60	–
	n	15	68	80	77	74	34	27	12	389
	%	3.9	17.5	20.6	19.8	19.0	8.7	6.9	31	100
Seniority		1–5	6–10	11–15	16–20	+21				–
	n	206	87	53	18	25				389
	%	53.0	22.4	13.6	4.6	6.4				100
Education level		Assoc. Degree	Undergraduate	Graduate						–
	n	44	305	40						389
	%	11.3	78.4	10.3						100

Figure 1. Theoretical model of relations among motivational structured values.

Source: Adapted from Schwartz, S. H. (1992).

Table 2. Goodness-of-fit indicators of confirmatory factor analysis model for SVS

Parameters	Value
GFI	.66
AGFI	.62
PGFI	.59
RMSE	.09
CFI	.74
Df	1439
χ^2	5618.84
χ^2/df	3.90

Table 3. Factor loadings from factor analysis: Eigenvalues and percentage of variance for items of SVS

	Factor loadings
Item	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
33. Loyal	.70	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
35. Broad-minded	.66	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
34. Ambitious	.50	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
21. Detachment	.47	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
32. Moderate	.39	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
31. Independent	.37	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
28. True friendship	.32	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
3. Social power	–	.76	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
39. Influential	–	.57	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
12. Wealth	–	.51	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
23. Social recognition	–	–	.74	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
27. Authority	–	–	.57	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
26. Wisdom	–	–	.52	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
9. An exciting life	–	–	.36	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
7. Sense of belonging	–	–	.32	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
16. Creativity	–	–	.24	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
18. Respect for tradition	–	–	–	.72	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
51. Devout	–	–	–	.66	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
19. Mature love	–	–	–	.42	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
13. National security	–	–	–	.42	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
20. Self-discipline	–	–	–	.37	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
40. Honoring parents and elders	–	–	–	.36	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
4. Pleasure	–	–	–	–	.74	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
2. Inner harmony	–	–	–	–	.60	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
1. Equality	–	–	–	–	.60	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
5. Freedom	–	–	–	–	.55	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
6. A spiritual life	–	–	–	–	.53	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
14. Self-respect	–	–	–	–	.39	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
10. Meaning in life	–	–	–	–	.37	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
17. A world at peace	–	–	–	–	.35	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
15. Reciprocation of favors	–	–	–	–	–	.76	–	–	–	–	–	–
22. Family security	–	–	–	–	–	.38	–	–	–	–	–	–
8. Social order	–	–	–	–	–	–	.64	–	–	–	–	–
24. Unity with nature	–	–	–	–	–	–	.64	–	–	–	–	–
11. Politeness	–	–	–	–	–	–	.48	–	–	–	–	–
46. Preserving my public image	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.50	–	–	–	–
53. Curious	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.48	–	–	–	–
54. Forgiving	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.44	–	–	–	–
47. Obedient	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.44	–	–	–	–
38. Protecting the environment	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.69	–	–	–
49. Helpful	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.59	–	–	–
36. Humble	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.58	–	–	–
37. Daring	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.51	–	–	–
29. A world of beauty	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.30	–	–	–
30. Social justice	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.23	–	–	–
44. Accepting portion in life	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.42	–	–
57. Self-indulgent	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.67	–
50. Enjoying life	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.53	–
25. A varied life	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.50	–
42. Healthy	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.71
48. Intelligent	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.60
43. Capable	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.58
55. Successful	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.57
56. Clean	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.54
45. Honest	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.52
52. Responsible	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.50
41. Choosing own goals	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	.35
Eigenvalue	15.88	3.79	2.74	2.32	1.57	1.55	1.34	1.24	1.14	1.10	1.09	1.03
% of variance	27.87	6.65	4.81	4.07	2.77	2.72	2.35	2.17	2.00	1.94	1.92	1.81

Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theorical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 25, pp. 1–66). New York: Academic Press.

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