Implementation of an RF based wireless automated energy metering and billing system

Figures & data

Figure 1. Block diagram of the ADC based energy meter.

Figure 2. Circuit diagram of the analog to digital signal conversion.

Figure 3. Circuit diagram of the ADC based energy meter.

Figure 4. Microcontroller program flowchart for the ADC based meter: (a) Foreground process and (b) Background process: Average power calculation.

Figure 5. Microcontroller program flowchart for the ADC based meter: (c) Background process: Energy and (d) Background process: Serial communication.

Figure 6. Global view of the RF based wireless automatic electrical energy metering and billing system.

Figure 7. Setup for LCD simulation.

Figure 8. Circuit diagram for the calibration and test apparatus for the ADC meter.

Table 1. Test results of the ADC energy meter

Equipment	Rating P (W)	Test duration t (h)	Calculated energy Pxt (KWh)	Measured energy on standard meter (KWh)	Measured energy on ADC meter (KWh)
Soldering Iron	60	0.5	30	29	29.02
Laptops (4)	260	0.5	130	130	128.57
Light bulbs (5)	1,000	0.5	500	501	498.38
Electric Iron	1,800	0.5	900	902	896.23

Figure 9. Diagram of the BWID test apparatus.

Figure 10. Meter monitoring mode.

Figure 11. Energy bill.

Figure 12. Meter information report.

Figure 13. Statement of account.

Figure 14. Diagram of designed ADC based energy meter.

Figure 15. Diagram of designed base station wireless interface device.