Performance analysis of downlink massive MIMO system with precoding techniques and pilot reuse factor

Figures & data

Figure 1. Multi-Cell Multi-user Downlink TDD-Massive MIMO System Model.

Figure 2. NLOS propagation under local scattering spatial correlation model (Bjornson et al., 2017).

Figure 3. Uplink Pilot Contamination in a multi cell scenario where BS i in cell i receive pilots from adjacent cell (Zhao et al., 2017).

Figure 4. Block diagram representation of a multi-cell DL Ma-MIMO system with linear precoding (Marzetta & Quoc Ngo, 2016).

Table 1. Parameters and values

parameters	values (considerations)
Number of cells	Multi-cells ((Marzetta, 2010; Quoc Ngo, 2015))
Cell radius	1000m
Channel state information	Perfect and imperfect CSI at the BS
Channel model	Correlated Rayleigh fading
Number of antennas per BS (Fixed)	100 (Salh & Audah, 2020)
Range of antennas per BS (When varied)	10–110
Number of users (Fixed)	10 (Salh & Audah, 2020)
Number of users(Varied)	0–40 (Thakur & Chandra Mishra, 2019)
UL and DL power	20dBm (Bjornson et al., 2017)
PRF	1,3,4
Channel gain at 1 km $(\mathrm{{\rm Y}})$	148.1 dB (Bjornson et al., 2017)
Path-loss exponent $(\mathit{\alpha })$	3.76 (Marzetta, 2010)
Receiver noise power	94 dBm (Bjornson et al., 2017)
Bandwidth	20MHz (Marzetta & Quoc Ngo, 2016)
Carrier frequency	2GHz (Marzetta & Quoc Ngo, 2016)
Coherence interval	300 (Marzetta & Quoc Ngo, 2016)
Number of channel realizations	100
Shadow fading standard deviation $({\sigma }_{\mathit{sf}})$	10dB (Marzetta, 2010)

Figure 5. Average sum SE with respect to the number of BS antennas for M-MMSE, ZF and MRT precoding techniques (for a PRF of one, three and four and K=10).

Figure 6. Average sum SE with respect to the number of BS antennas for M-MMSE, ZF and MRT precoding techniques (for a PRF of one and M=100).

Figure 7. Average sum SE with respect to the number of users for M-MMSE, ZF and MRT. Precoding techniques (for a PRF of three and M=100).

Figure 8. Average sum SE with respect to the number of users for M-MMSE, ZF and MRT. Precoding techniques (for a PRF of four and M=100).

Figure 9. Average sum SE with respect to the number of Antennas for MMSE, ZF and MRT precoding techniques with perfect and imperfect CSI (PRF of one) and K = 10.

Figure 10. Average sum SE with respect to the number of Antennas for MMSE,ZF and MRT precoding techniques with perfect and imperfect act CSI (PRF of four) and K = 10, K = 20.

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