Cataloguing, screening and assessing the effect of sowing time on the incidence of black gram pests under dryland condition

Figures & data

Table 1. Cataloguing the incidence of insect pests in black gram

S. No.	Common name	Scientific name	Family	Damaging part	Status of pest
					2010–2011	2011–2012	2013–2014
1	Aphids	Aphis craccivora	Aphididae	Leaves, stem, floral parts	Medium	Medium	Medium
2	Whitefly	Bemisia tabaci	Aleyrodidae	Leaves	Low	Low	Low
3	Green bug	Nezara viridula	Pentatomidae	Pods	Low	Low	Nil
4	Leafhopper	Empoasca kerri	Cicadellidae	Leaves	Medium	Medium	Medium
5	Ash weevil	Myllocerus undecimpustulatus	Curculionidae	Leaves	Medium	Medium	Low
6	Thrips	Thrips tabaci	Thripidae	Leaves	Medium	Medium	Low
7	Tobacco cutworm	Spodoptera litura	Noctuidae	Leaves	High	Medium to high	High
8	Sphingid caterpillar	Herse convolvuli	Sphingidae	Leaves	Low	Low	Nil
		Acherontia styx
9	Gram pod borer	Helicoverpa armigera	Noctuidae	Leaves, pods	Medium	Low	High
10	Blue butterfly	Euchrysops cnejus	Lycaenidae	Flowers, pods	Trace	Nil	Nil
11	Blister beetle	Mylabris pustulata	Meloidae	Buds and Flowers	Trace	Low	Low

Table 2. Screening of black gram genotypes against major insect pests

S. No.	Genotypes	Leafhopper (Number of plants)*		Aphids (Number of plants)*		Pod borer (%)*
		2010–2011	2011–2012	2010–2011	2011–2012	2010–2011	2011–2012
1	KBG 05 007	2.3 (1.5)	2.3 (1.5)	12.0 (3.5)	20.2 (4.5)	14.2 (22.3)	11.6 (19.9)
2	KBG 04 008	2.5 (1.6)	2.5 (1.6)	12.5 (3.5)	24.6 (5.0)	12.3 (20.3)	12.3 (20.5)
3	KBG 04 010	2.0 (1.4)	2.0 (1.4)	13.0 (3.6)	21.2 (4.6)	9.8 (18.4)	9.8 (18.2)
4	KBG 06 016	1.4 (1.2)	1.3 (1.1)	13.8 (3.7)	15.9 (4.0)	11.1 (19.5)	10.2 (18.6)
5	KBG 06 015	2.3 (1.5)	2.6 (1.6)	14.2 (3.8)	15.2 (3.9)	9.4 (17.9)	9.7 (18.2)
6	LBG 757	2.2 (1.5)	2.4 (1.6)	13.7 (3.7)	29.2 (5.4)	10.2 (18.6)	10.2 (18.6)
7	KBG 04 003	3.0 (1.7)	3.0 (1.7)	13.7 (3.7)	23.1 (4.8)	9.2 (17.7)	12.1 (20.4)
8	KBG 08 001	2.5 (1.6)	2.7 (1.6)	14.3 (3.8)	16.4 (4.1)	9.7 (18.2)	9.4 (17.9)
9	KBG 06 021	2.5 (1.6)	2.3 (1.5)	15.0 (3.9)	14.5 (3.8)	12.1 (20.4)	16.0 (23.6)
10	KBG 05 001	2.5 (1.6)	2.7 (1.6)	13.3 (3.7)	20.1 (4.5)	11.6 (19.9)	11.6 (19.9)
11	VBN 1	2.5 (1.6)	2.0 (1.4)	12.0 (3.5)	28.0 (5.3)	7.8 (16.2)	7.8 (16.2)
12	VBN 4	1.2 (1.1)	1.6 (1.3)	11.7 (3.4)	17.6 (4.2)	8.8 (17.3)	8.8 (17.3)
13	VBN 5	1.1 (1.0)	1.4 (1.2)	9.7 (3.1)	30.4 (5.5)	11.6 (19.1)	14.2 (22.1)
	CD (p = 0.05)	0.13	0.14	0.12	0.07	0.55	0.52

Notes: Figures in parantheses for Leafhopper and Aphids: Square root transformed values and pod borer: Arcsine transformed values.

^* Mean of three observations.

Table 3. Effect of sowing time on the incidence of major insect pests of black gram

Time of sowing	2010–2011			2011–2012			2013–2014
	Leafhopper (No.)	Aphid (No.)	Pod damage (%)	Leafhopper (No.)	Aphid (No.)	Pod damage (%)	Leafhopper (No.)	Aphid (No.)	Pod damage (%)
Pre-monsoon	2.9	4.0	9.3	3.2	4.4	10.06	2.5	4.8	9.50
Monsoon	1.3	4.5	8.4	2.6	4.7	11.46	3.0	6.5	15.00
Post-monsoon	2.7	2.5	8.9	2.7	3.8	15.40	6.0	2.8	17.60