Lead and cadmium contents in a medicinal plant/spice grown in an urban city of Nigeria

Figures & data

Table 1. Physical and chemical properties of the soil

Sand		Silt	Clay	pH (H2O)	pH (KCl)	Ca	Mg	K	Na	H^+	ECEC	AC	PMN	Av. P
(g/kg)						(cmol/kg)						(mg/kg)	(mg/kg)	(mg/kg)
Topsoil (0–15 cm)
Mean	835.2	101.6	63.2	5.98	5.06	2.26	1.47	0.17	0.47	0.11	4.37	0.82	3.17	43.81
SD				0.30	0.19	0.54	0.29	0.10	0.15	0.02	0.80	0.23	3.63	7.71
Max				6.77	5.65	3.72	2.07	0.60	0.91	0.14	6.27	1.33	15.00	61.43
Min				5.40	4.71	1.39	0.79	0.06	0.27	0.07	2.63	0.37	0.10	24.10
Subsoil (15–30 cm)
Mean	835.2	101.6	63.2	6.00	5.11	2.21	1.45	0.16	0.46	0.11	4.28	0.78	3.37	46.98
SD				0.33	0.22	0.58	0.38	0.08	0.17	0.02	0.94	0.29	3.15	7.11
Max				6.75	5.70	3.90	2.11	0.46	0.86	0.15	6.30	1.26	12.00	61.43
Min				5.30	4.71	1.30	0.84	0.06	0.14	0.07	2.57	0.19	0.10	29.29

Keys: SD = Standard deviation, PMN = Potentially mineralizable nitrogen, Av. P = Available phosphorus, AC = Active carbon.

Table 2. Distribution of lead and cadmium in the soil

	Topsoil (0–15 cm)		Subsoil (15–30 cm)
	Lead	Cadmium	Lead	Cadmium
	(mg/kg)		(mg/kg)
Mean	1.85	0.99	2.54	1.41
SD	0.96	0.46	1.11	0.52
Max	4.38	1.89	5.11	2.36
Min	0.75	0.27	0.97	0.44

Notes: Reference values of soil Cd and Pb are 0.7 and 85.5 mg/kg (Gjoka et al., 2008).

Table 3. TF of lead and cadmium from soil to the plant

	TF cadmium	TF lead
Mean + SD	0.35 ± 0.17	0.21 ± 0.09
CV (%)	49	41
Range	0.17–0.87	0.08–0.36

Key: CV = Coefficient of variation of set of values.

Table 4. Chemical and heavy metal contents of the different plant parts

Plant parts	Ca	Na	K	P	Mg	Cd	Pb
	(%)					(mg/kg)
Leaf	0.28	0.18	1.33	0.07	0.26	0.04	0.06
Stem	0.39	0.27	1.51	0.13	0.37	0.09	0.12
Root	0.51	0.37	1.78	0.20	0.47	0.19	0.23

Gjoka, F., Felix-Henningsen, P., Wegener, H. R., & Salilari, I. (2008). Background and reference values of heavy metals for agricultural soils of the Tirana region, Albania. 43rd Croatian and 3rd International Symposium on Agriculture. Opatija.

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