Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in foods of animal origin in Ethiopia: A meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 5. Flowchart of literature search and inclusion/exclusion process.

Table 1. Summary of studies included in the systematic review and meta-analysis

Study (references)	SS	NP	AP (%)	Region	Diagnosis method	Sample Type
(Abdissa et al., 2017)	1235	6	0.49	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Beef
(Abdissa et al., 2017)	1247	10	0.80	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Environmental samples
(Atnafie et al., 2017)	300	8	2.67	Southern Ethiopia	Serological	Beef
(Atnafie et al., 2017)	330	7	2.12	Southern Ethiopia	Serological	Environmental samples
(Bekele, Zewde, Tefera, Feleke, & Zerom, 2014)	384	39	10.16	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Beef
(Beyi et al., 2017)	195	5	2.56	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Beef
(Beyi et al., 2017)	330	4	1.21	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Environmental samples
(Dulo et al., 2015)	235	6	2.55	Eastern Ethiopia	Serological	Chevon
(Haile, Kebede, & Wubshet, 2017)	150	14	9.33	Western Ethiopia	Serological	Beef
(Haile et al., 2017)	150	11	7.33	Western Ethiopia	Serological	Environmental samples
(Hiko et al., 2008)	243	6	2.47	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Mutton
(Hiko et al., 2008)	245	5	2.04	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Chevon
(Hiko et al., 2008)	250	20	8.00	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Beef
(Mersha et al., 2010)	120	8	6.67	Central Ethiopia	Molecular	Chevon
(Mersha et al., 2010)	224	21	9.38	Central Ethiopia	Molecular	Mutton
(Mersha et al., 2010)	344	13	3.78	Central Ethiopia	Molecular	Environmental samples
(Bedasa, Shiferaw, Abraha, & Moges, 2018)	200	24	12	Central Ethiopia	Serological	Milk

SS sample size, NP number of positives, AP apparent prevalence.

Figure 1. Forest plot on Escherichia coli O157 prevalence estimates in Ethiopia.

Table 2. Subgroup analysis for comparison of prevalence of Escherichia coli O157

Region	Prevalence (95%CI)	I ^2	Heterogeneity test
			Q	DF	P
Eastern Ethiopia	3 (1–5)	*	*	1	0.00
Southern Ethiopia	21–4)	*	*	1	0.00
Central Ethiopia	4 (3–5)	90.8%	119.61	11	0.00
Western Ethiopia	8 (5–11)	*	*	1	0.00
Overall	4 (3–5)	89.06%	146.28	16	0.00
Sample type
Beef	5% (2–8)		75.93	5	0.00
Chevon	3% (1–5)		*	*	0.00
Environmental sample	2% (1–4)		18.39	4	0.00
Milk	12 (8–17)		-	0	*
Mutton	4% (2–6)			2	*
Overall	4% (3–5)				0.00
Diagnosis method
Latex Agglutination	3 (2–5)	88.79%	115.98	13	0.00
Molecular Diagnosis	6 (3–10)	*	*	2	*
Overall	4 (3–5)	89.06%	146.28	16	0.00

*indicates omitted results due to lack of enough observations (few studies).

Figure 2. Forest plot of subgroup analysis by sample type on the prevalence of Escherichia coli.

Figure 3. Forest plot of subgroup analysis by study location.

Figure 4. Forest plot of subgroup analysis by diagnosis method.

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