Figures & data
Table 1. Monthly mean minimum and maximum temperature, rainfall and relative humidity of Arba Minch areas in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons
Table 2. Influence of insecticide application and hand weeding on MLN incidence at Arba Minch areas in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons
Table 3. Influence of insecticide application and hand weeding on MLN severity AUDPC at Arba Minch areas in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons
Figure 1. Symptoms of MLN under field condition at Arba Minch in Southern Ethiopia: Chlorosis, mosaic and mottling, chlorotic streaks and leaf necrosis (left side), premature drying of leaf sheath (middle) and delayed of grain filling (right side) on infected maize stands.
Table 4. Mean number of insect pests as influenced by insecticide spray and hand weeding in different pre spray and weeding dates on maize at Arba Minch areas in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons
Figure 2. Regression analyses of MLN severity and R. maidis, B. fusca and S. frugiperda per plots sprayed with insecticide alone and in combination of insecticide spray and hand weeding at Arba Minch area in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons.
Table 5. Major weed species composition and their mean relative frequency, abundance, dominance and importance at Arba Minch areas in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons
Figure 3. Regression analyses of MLN severity and weed density per hand weeding and in combination of insecticide spray and hand weeding at Arba Minch area in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons.
Table 6. Effect of MLN on maize growth and yield attributes under integration of insecticide application and hand weeding at Arba Minch areas in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons
Figure 4. Estimating relationships between losses in grain yield and AUDPC at Arba Minch areas in Southern Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons.
Table 7. Mean economic advantage of insecticide spray and hand weeding under solely and in combination to manage MLN in relation to yield advantage, economic benefit and yield losses at Arba Minch in Southern Ethiopia in during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons