Estimation of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in advanced lines for grain yield and yield components of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] at Humera, Western Tigray, Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1. ANOVA mean squares for 10 agronomic traits of sorghum advanced lines at Humera

Traits	Source of variation
	Genotype	Rep	Block/Rep	Residual	G. Mean	Range	CV (%)
D. freedom	256	1	4	254
GY(kg/ha)	1,161,162**	5,898,100**	591,548**	140,727	2165.31	746.40–5004.56	17.20
BM(t/ha)	24.04**	1.08^ns	12.73**	3.54	10.96	5.37–27.29	19.21
DF(day)	55.58**	326.31**	38.04**	6.92	56.96	47.35–71.91	4.60
DM(day)	32.98**	808.75**	73.58**	15.01	95.91	90.25–104.27	4.10
PH(cm)	2929.3**	9358.9**	1119.7**	270.1	155.10	89.29–278.15	10.80
PL(cm)	35.97**	43.74**	66.26**	6.15	26.47	17.55–38.05	9.40
TSW(g)	23.46**	5.74*	15.61**	1.38	24.28	14.42–34.59	4.80
YPP(g)	886.13**	136.20**	2183.99**	15.16	55.74	16.04–163.17	7.00
HW(g)	1413.47**	350.87*	5841.15**	75.13	81.14	27.45–190.54	10.70
HI	0.007**	0.05**	0.001^ns	0.004	0.21	0.13–0.29	28.90

* = significant at 0.05 level of significance; ** = highly significant at 0.01 level of significance; ^ns = non-significant at 0.05; GY = grain yield; YPP = panicle yield; HW = head weight; BM = biomass; HI = harvest index; PL = panicle length; PH = plant height; DF = days to flowering; DM = days to maturity; D.fr = degree ofharvest index freedom; CV = coefficient of variation; TSW = thousand seed weight;

Table 2. Variance estimation of 10 agronomic traits in the sorghum advanced lines

Traits	MSg	MSe	δ^2 g	δ^2e	δ^2p	H^2	GCV	PCV	GA	GAM
GY	1,161,162	140,727	510,217.5	140,727	650,944.5	0.78	32.99	37.26	1304.62	60.25
BM	24.04	3.54	10.25	3.54	13.80	0.74	29.21	33.89	5.69	51.94
DF	55.58	6.92	24.33	6.92	31.25	0.78	8.66	9.81	8.98	15.76
DM	32.98	15.01	8.99	15.01	23.99	0.37	3.13	5.11	3.78	3.95
PH	2929.3	270.1	1329.6	270.1	1599.7	0.83	23.51	25.79	68.58	44.22
PL	35.97	6.15	14.91	6.15	21.06	0.71	14.59	17.34	6.70	25.32
TSW	23.46	1.38	11.04	1.38	12.42	0.89	13.69	14.51	6.46	26.62
YPP	886.13	15.16	435.49	15.16	450.65	0.97	37.44	38.08	42.32	75.93
HW	1413.47	75.13	669.17	75.13	744.3	0.89	31.88	33.62	50.60	62.36
HI	0.007	0.004	0.002	0.004	0.005	0.31	19.16	34.28	0.046	22.08

GY = grain yield; YPP = panicle yield; HW = head weight; BM = biomass; HI = harvest index; PL = panicle length; PH = plant height; DF = days to flowering; DM = days to maturity; MSg = mean square for genotypes; MSe = mean squares for error; δ² g = genotypic variance; δ²e = error variance; δ²p = phenotypic variance; H² = heritability in broad sense; GCV = genotypic coefficient of variation; PCV = phenotypic coefficient of variation; GA = genetic advance and GAM = genetic advance as percent of mean