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SOIL & CROP SCIENCES

Exploring farmers’ perception, knowledge, and management techniques of salt-affected soils to enhance rice production on small land holdings in Tanzania

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Article: 2140470 | Received 21 Jul 2022, Accepted 21 Oct 2022, Published online: 01 Nov 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of Tanzania showing the location of the study districts.

Figure 1. Map of Tanzania showing the location of the study districts.

Table 1. Physiographic and climatic characteristics of the study districts

Table 2. Location of irrigation schemes in the study districts

Figure 2. Conceptual model of salt-affected soils interaction with farmers’ knowledge, management practices and risk to the livelihoods of farmers.

Figure 2. Conceptual model of salt-affected soils interaction with farmers’ knowledge, management practices and risk to the livelihoods of farmers.

Table 3. General chemical properties of salt-affected soils

Figure 3. Gender distribution of the respondents.

Figure 3. Gender distribution of the respondents.

Figure 4. Age characteristics of the of the respondents.

Figure 4. Age characteristics of the of the respondents.

Figure 5. Education levels of the farmers in the studied irrigation schemes.

Figure 5. Education levels of the farmers in the studied irrigation schemes.

Table 4. Land size and land ownership in the surveyed irrigation schemes

Table 5. Proportions of rice variety grown and production trends

Table 6. Major constraints to rice production in surveyed irrigation schemes

Table 7. Farmers’ awareness and knowledge of salt-affected soils

Figure 6. Farmers source of information of salt-affected soils.

Figure 6. Farmers source of information of salt-affected soils.

Figure 7. Farmers’ perception of the major sources of salt-affected soils in rice farms.

Figure 7. Farmers’ perception of the major sources of salt-affected soils in rice farms.

Table 8. Farmers’ knowledge of rice cultivars tolerant to salts

Figure 8. Perception of the extent of salt-affected from farmer’s fields.

Figure 8. Perception of the extent of salt-affected from farmer’s fields.

Table 9. Farmers’ perception on coping mechanisms for salt-affected soils

Table 10. Soil analytical results for some of surveyed irrigation schemes