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SOIL & CROP SCIENCES

Themeda triandra as a perennial seed crop in south-eastern Australia: What are the agronomic possibilities and constraints, and future research needs?

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Article: 2153964 | Received 06 Sep 2022, Accepted 28 Nov 2022, Published online: 10 Dec 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. A map of the Dja Dja wurrung recognition and settlement agreement area in central Victoria, Australia (approx. 36°06ʹ S to 37°30ʹ S; 142°58ʹ E to 144°41ʹ E). Source: Karina Pelling, accessed in March 2022 from the Australian National University.

Figure 1. A map of the Dja Dja wurrung recognition and settlement agreement area in central Victoria, Australia (approx. 36°06ʹ S to 37°30ʹ S; 142°58ʹ E to 144°41ʹ E). Source: Karina Pelling, accessed in March 2022 from the Australian National University.

Figure 2. A young ~16-month-old) T. triandra tussock in April 2022 on Dja Dja Wurrung country near Dean, Victoria (37°27ʹ S 144°00ʹ E). Photo contributed by Dylan Male.

Figure 2. A young ~16-month-old) T. triandra tussock in April 2022 on Dja Dja Wurrung country near Dean, Victoria (37°27ʹ S 144°00ʹ E). Photo contributed by Dylan Male.

Figure 3. A line diagram of a T. triandra tussock, panicle, spikelet, and seed diaspore morphology. Source:Gardner (Citation1952).

Figure 3. A line diagram of a T. triandra tussock, panicle, spikelet, and seed diaspore morphology. Source:Gardner (Citation1952).

Figure 4. T. triandra seed diaspore (left); T. triandra naked caryopsis (right).Note: Seed length varies, generally <5 mm. Figure contributed by Dylan Male.

Figure 4. T. triandra seed diaspore (left); T. triandra naked caryopsis (right).Note: Seed length varies, generally <5 mm. Figure contributed by Dylan Male.

Table 1. A summarised morphological description of T. triandra (Martin, Citation1975; Mitchell & Wilcox, Citation1994; Wheaton, 1994; Tainton & Booysen, Citation1965; Morgan, Citation1999; Mitchell, Citation2001; Snyman et al., Citation2013; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Citation2016; Godfree et al., Citation2017; Ghebrehiwot et al., Citation2006; Ibrahim et al., Citation2018; Cavanagh et al., Citation2019)

Figure 5. The annual development cycle of a T. triandra stand relative to the months of the year on Dja Dja Wurrung country, Victoria, Australia. Figure illustrated by Dylan Male.

Figure 5. The annual development cycle of a T. triandra stand relative to the months of the year on Dja Dja Wurrung country, Victoria, Australia. Figure illustrated by Dylan Male.

Figure 6. An uncleaned seed lot containing stem, spikelet, and seed diaspore material, harvested from a brush harvester. Photo contributed by Dylan Male.

Figure 6. An uncleaned seed lot containing stem, spikelet, and seed diaspore material, harvested from a brush harvester. Photo contributed by Dylan Male.

Figure 7. The hypothesised first-year development of a dryland T. triandra seed crop relative to months of the year on Dja Dja Wurrung country, Victoria, Australia. Figure illustrated by Dylan Male.

Figure 7. The hypothesised first-year development of a dryland T. triandra seed crop relative to months of the year on Dja Dja Wurrung country, Victoria, Australia. Figure illustrated by Dylan Male.

Figure 8. Harvest of T. triandra seed using a brush harvester. Photo contributed by Dylan Male.

Figure 8. Harvest of T. triandra seed using a brush harvester. Photo contributed by Dylan Male.

Data Availability Statement

There were no data generated by this review.