Variability, heritability and genetic advance in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) genotypes

Figures & data

Table 1. Country of origin, number of genotypes from each country and list of the sugarcane genotypes used for the study

Geographical origin	Number of genotypes	Name of the genotypes
Barbados	179	B153–1, B154–5, B154–6, B360–3, B489–1, B489–10, B489–11, B491–7, B491–8, B491–17, B491–18, B498–9, B498–10, B516–5, B516–6, B516–15, B516–16, B516–25, B516–26, B516–35, B516–36, B516–45, B516–46, B516–55, B516–56, B516–65, B516–66, B517–1, B517–10, B517–11, B517–20, B517–21, B517–30, B517–31, B517–40, B517–41, B517–50, B517–51, B519–1, B519–10, B519–11, B519–20, B519–21, B527–1, B527–10, B527–11, B527–20, B527–21, B527–30, B527–31, B528–1, B528–10, B528–11, B528–20, B528–21, B528–30, B528–31, B528–11, B546–10, B546–11, B546–20, B546–21, B549–1, B549–10, B549–11, B549–20, B549–21, B549–30, B549–31, Local 435, B552–10, B552–11, B552–20, B552–21, B556–1, B556–10, B556–11, B556–20, B556–21, B558–1, B630–1, B558–10, B563–1, B563–10, B563–11, B563–20, B563–21, B564–1, B564–10, B564–11, B566–1, B566–10, B566–11, B566–20, B566–21, B568–1, B572–1, B572–10, B572–11, B594–1, B599–1, B628–1, B498–11, B635–1, B635–10, B635–11, B645–1, B651–1, B658–1, B658–10, B658–11, B658–20, B658–21, B644–1, B644–10, B668–1, B676–1, B688–1, B688–10, B688–11, B690–1, B690–10, B690–11, B690–1, B694–1, B694–10, B694–11, B685–1, B700–1, B707–1, B52–298, B708–9, B708–2, B707–2, B700–2, B685–2, B694–12, B694–9, B694–2, B691–9, B691–2, B690–12, B690–9, B930–2, B688–12, B688–9, B688–2, B678–2, B668–2, B644–12, B644–9, B558–10, B658–22, B658–10, B658–12, B658–9, B658–2, B651–2, B645–2, B644–2, B635–9, B635–2, B630–2, B628–2, B599–2, B594–2, B572–12, B572–9, B572–2, B568–2, B566–22, B566–19, B566–12, B566–9, B566–2, B564–12, B564–9, B690–2, B563–22, B563–19
Ethiopia	12	local − 434, Local 435, Yejima-shenkora, Kay shenkora,62-tikur ageda,72-Shenkora ageda, 93-Barabure Shenkora,111- dikala, Local −106, Local −189, Local − 53, Local 421
Mexico	4	MEXY52129, MEXY 57,197, MEXY54/245, MEXY53/142
South Africa	1	NCO-334

Table 2. Analysis of variance for agro-morphological and biochemical traits for 196 sugarcane genotypes

Traits	Replication (1)	Genotype (195)	Block(Replication) (26)	Residual (169)	Mean	CV (%)
SPN30	1649.02***	137.58***	30.00^ns	28.30	20.86	25.50
SPN45	2011.59***	94.40***	82.00**	36.90	24.26	25.00
TL3MAP	12880.10***	1148.60***	447.20*	285.90	59.49	28.40
TL4MAP	16174.30***	1236.90***	370.40^ns	328.80	70.45	25.70
TL5MAP	14608.30***	1127.20***	396.90^ns	398.40	73.99	27.00
SC10MAP	12012.50***	558.00***	292.60^ns	223.10	64.96	23.40
PH10MAP (m)	16.87***	0.17***	0.12*	0.07	1.91	13.90
SL18MAP (m)	3.15***	0.23***	0.07^ns	0.06	2.82	8.40
NI	272.28***	24.22***	12.14^ns	11.25	30.29	11.10
IL (cm)	0.95^ns	3.41***	0.84^ns	0.86	9.42	9.90
SD (cm)	0.012^ns	0.13***	0.03^ns	0.04	2.65	7.70
SCW (kg)	2.07***	0.22***	0.14^ns	0.09	1.66	17.80
CY (t/ha)	1342.42***	38.33***	33.70**	17.32	14.88	28.00
Brix (%)	4.39^ns	2.75***	1.92^ns	1.54	19.68	6.30
Pol (%)	1.77^ns	3.62***	2.29^ns	1.82	18.33	7.40
Purity (%)	9.10^ns	7.61***	4.38^ns	4.67	93.03	2.30
RS (%)	0.42^ns	2.46***	1.49^ns	1.20	13.13	8.40
SY (t/ha)	461573***	14787***	13683**	7275	29.25	29.20

Notes: Numbers in parenthesis represent the degree of freedom of the respective sources of variations; SPN30 and SPN45 = number of sprouted buds per plot 30 and 45 days after planting, respectively; TL3MAP, TL4MAP and TL5MAP = number of tillers per plot three, four and five months after planting, respectively; SC10MAP = number of stalks per plot 10 months after planting; PH10MAP = plant height ten months after planting; SL18MAP = stalk length 18 months after planting; NI = number of internodes; IL = internode length; SD = stalk diameter; SCW = single cane weight; CY = cane yield; RS = recoverable sucrose; and SY = sugar yield. The efficiency factor as compared to RCBD was 88.24%; alpha = 1 % (Tukey HSD test). “***” = p < 0.0001; “**” = p < 0.001; “*” = P < 0.01 and “ns”= p > 0.05.

Table 3. Estimates of variability, heritability, and genetic advance for 13 agro-morphological and five biochemical traits of 196 genotypes of sugarcane

Traits*	Range	Mean ± SE	σ^2e	σ^2g	σ^2p	ECV	GCV	PCV	H^2	GA	GAM
SPN30	4.74–48.59	20.86 ± 3.78	28.54	54.52	83.06	25.61	35.40	43.70	65.64	12.32	59.09
SPN45	3.60–49.12	24.26 ± 4.63	42.93	25.74	68.67	27.01	20.91	34.16	37.48	6.40	26.37
TL3MAP	8.44–170.42	59.49 ± 12.40	307.41	420.58	727.99	29.47	34.47	45.36	57.77	32.11	53.98
TL4MAP	12.0–165.0	70.46 ± 12.93	334.33	451.27	785.60	25.95	30.15	39.78	57.44	33.17	47.07
TL5MAP	26.94–162.34	73.99 ± 14.11	398.20	364.50	762.70	26.97	25.80	37.33	47.79	27.19	36.75
SC10MAP	28.13–115.77	64.96 ± 10.78	232.37	162.83	395.20	23.46	19.64	30.60	41.20	16.87	25.97
PH10MAP(m)	1.10–2.63	1.91 ± 0.20	0.08	0.05	0.13	14.45	11.64	18.56	39.33	0.2871	15.04
SL18MAP(m)	1.76–3.99	2.82 ± 0.17	0.06	0.09	0.14	8.57	10.38	13.46	59.46	0.4653	16.49
NI	21.79–39.54	30.29 ± 2.38	11.37	6.43	17.79	11.13	8.37	13.93	36.12	3.1391	10.36
IL(cm)	5.85–13.83	9.42 ± 0.66	0.86	1.28	2.14	9.84	11.99	15.51	59.75	1.7992	19.09
SD (cm)	1.93–3.42	2.65 ± 0.14	0.04	0.04	0.08	7.53	7.87	10.89	52.17	0.3096	11.70
SCW(kg)	0.95–2.86	1.67 ± 0.22	0.09	0.06	0.16	18.39	15.05	23.77	40.09	0.3266	19.63
CY(t/ha)	1.11–29.86	14.8840 ± 3.12	19.50	9.41	28.92	29.67	20.61	36.13	32.55	3.61	24.23
Brix (%)	16.19–22.30	19.68 ± 0.89	1.59	0.58	2.17	6.41	3.87	7.48	26.77	0.8125	4.13
Pol (%)	14.98–21.33	18.33 ± 0.97	1.88	0.87	2.75	7.48	5.08	9.05	31.58	1.0788	5.89
Purity (%)	87.61–97.70	93.03 ± 1.52	4.63	1.49	6.12	2.31	1.31	2.66	24.30	1.2384	1.33
RS (%)	9.88–15.56	13.13 ± 0.79	1.24	0.61	1.85	8.48	5.94	10.35	32.89	0.9210	7.02
SY(t/ha)	2.39–56.21	29.2446 ± 6.38	81.30	33.29	114.59	30.83	19.73	36.60	29.05	6.41	21.91

Notes: σ2 g = genotypic variance; σ2e = environmental variance; σ2p = phenotypic variance; ECV (%) = environmental coefficient of variance; GCV (%) = genotypic coefficient of variance; PCV (%) = phenotypic coefficient of variance; H² (%) = broad sense heritability, GA = genetic advance, GAM (%) = genetic advance as percentage of the mean. SPN30 and SPN45 = number of sprouted buds per plot 30 and 45 days after planting, respectively; TL3MAP, TL4MAP and TL5MAP = number of tillers per plot three, four and five months after planting, respectively; SC10MAP = number of stalks per plot 10 months after planting; PH10MAP = plant height ten months after planting; SL18MAP = stalk length 18 months after planting; NI = number of internodes; IL = internode length; SD = stalk diameter; SCW = single cane weight; CY = cane yield; RS = recoverable sucrose; and SY = sugar yield.