The Effect of the war on smallholder agriculture in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Figures & data

Figure 1. Location of the study districts where the specific study Tabia was found.

Figure 2. Place and nature of the war damage on crop.

Figure 3. Total war damage share by crop type.

Figure 4. Nature of the war damage on livestock.

Table 1. Total war damage on livestock production

Animal type	Pre-war number	Number of damaged/lost	Percentage of lost
Cattle	3,193	2,365	74
Sheep	8,790	4,927	56
Goats	10,174	5,939	58
Donkey	664	541	81
Mule	11	10	91
Camel	151	91	60
Horse	8	5	63
Poultry	29,496	25,756	87
Beehive	1,801	1,378	77
Total	54,288	41,012	76

Figure 5. Nature of the war damage on farm tools.

Figure 6. Percentage of war damage on agriculture.

Figure 7. Deliberately killed highbred cattle (a) and mixing crop with oil and fuels (b) in Woreda Raya Azebo.

Table

Woreda	Gender		Total	Age		Family Size
	Female	Male		Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Raya Azebo	122	252	374	45.46	14.91	5.24	2.11
Enda mekoni	146	201	347	43.33	14.90	5.47	2.24
Emba Alaje	38	227	265	47.34	11.82	6.08	2.12
Hintalo Wajirat	60	152	212	45.73	13.04	5.50	1.99
Enderta	62	259	321	45.05	14.36	5.95	2.28
Dogea Temben	30	188	218	48.68	12.91	5.94	2.02
Hawzen	70	222	292	55.77	15.18	5.97	2.45
Kilte Awlaelo	54	177	231	52.37	14.29	6.04	2.13
Ganta Afeshum	109	116	225	48.95	14.86	5.69	2.12
Adwa	75	224	299	47.41	12.25	6.35	2.04
Werki Amba	45	253	298	44.07	12.17	5.70	1.98
Laelay Maychew	61	150	211	45.25	11.73	5.66	1.99
Tahtay Maychew	35	175	210	45.09	13.82	5.20	2.04
Ahferom	21	77	98	52.51	12.98	6.29	1.80
Nader Adet	31	118	149	46.27	13.63	5.49	2.17
Tahtay Koraro	105	134	239	43.80	11.21	6.80	1.75
Asgede Tsimbla	120	104	224	45.30	12.80	6.78	1.70
Medebay Zana	27	136	163	45.99	12.44	7.22	1.76
Total	1211	3165	4376	46.89	13.85	5.92	2.13

Table

Code	Perpetrator	Frequency	Percentage
1	ENDF	1217	9.8
2	Amhara special force	0	0.0
3	Amhara Fano	19	.2
4	EDF	5344	43.0
5	Tigray defence force	0	0.0
6	Gangsters	125	1.0
8	Other	50	1.4
9	Unknown	722	5.8
10	1&2	234	1.9
11	1&4	3105	25.0
12	4&6	1046	8.4
13	1,2&3	81	.7
14	1,4&6	366	2.9
Total		12437	100.0

Table

Woreda	Cattle	Sheep	Goats	Donkey	Camel	Horse	Poultry	Beehive
Raya Azebo	97	291	304	35	24	4	1719	22
Hintalo Wajirat	55	167	178	34	5	1	1059	18
Enda Mekoni	127	387	250	42	2	0	808	56
Amba Alaje	53	316	222	19	0	0	1210	66
Enderta	66	88	127	24	0	0	3574	125
Hawzen	41	709	29	18	0	0	1568	26
Kilte Awlaelo	20	453	43	20	0	0	1557	309
Ganta Afeshum	57	568	125	37	0	0	1480	51
Rural Adwa	40	254	363	10	0	0	1160	33
Werki Amba	24	194	347	25	0	0	1273	176
Laelay Maychew	34	147	194	13	0	0	806	20
Dogea Temben	35	111	49	16	0	0	494	66
Tahtay Maychew	28	119	206	7	0	0	448	19
Ahferom	7	26	58	5	0	0	367	74
Nader Adet	133	133	292	23	0	0	451	79
Tahtay Koraro	439	408	848	71	24	0	3516	59
Asgede Timbla	626	297	1068	79	22	0	2722	76
Medebay Zana	483	259	1236	63	14	0	1544	103
Total	2,365	4,927	5,939	541	91	5	25,756	1,378

Table

Code	Perpetrator	Frequency	Percentage
1	ENDF	654	10.2
2	Amhara special force	19	0.4
3	Amhara Fano	4	0.1
4	EDF	3901	53.9
5	Tigray defence force	0.0	0.0
6	Gangsters	36	0.5
8	Other	75	1.0
9	Unknown	429	5.9
10	1&2	75	1.0
11	1&4	1947	26.9

Table

Code	Perpetrator	Frequency	Percentage (%)
1	ENDF	732	10.1
2	Amhara special force	16	0.2
3	Amhara Fano	13	0.2
4	EDF	3850	57.3
5	Tigray defence force	0	0.0
6	Gangsters	83	0.8
7	Others	97	2.9
8	Unknown	534	8.0
9	1&2	53	0.8
10	1&4	1297	19.3
11	1&6	24	0.4

Data availability statement

The datasets and questioners used during and/or analyses the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.