The effect of psychological contract on job related outcomes: The moderating effect of stigma consciousness

Figures & data

Figure 1. Research Model

Table 1. Sample Characteristics (%)

Characteristics		Study 1	Study 2
			Sub-ordinates	Super-ordinates
Gender	Male	65%	53%	61%
	Female	35%	47%	39%
Marriage status	Married	80%	79%	96%
	Not yet or others	20%	21%	4%
Age	< 30 years	33.33%	15%
	31–40 years	35.66%	44.5%	4%
	> 40 years	31%	40.1%	96%
Education	Senior high school	53.4%	53.3%	11%
	University degree	40%	26%	89%
	Not mentioned	6.6%	20.7%	0
Job status	Temporary	65%	38%
	Permanent	35%	62%	100%
Job roles	Administrative	12%	77%
	Engineers	20%	5%
	Production roles	68%
	Other roles		18%
Position	Staff	80.60%	100%
	Supervisors	18.40%		7%
	Middle level managers			93%
	Not indicated
Tenure	< 3 years	41%	14%	33.33%
	3–10 years	35%	40%	36.67%
	> 10 years	24%	46%	30%

Table 2. Results of Validity and Reliability Tests

Research Variables	Items	Factor loading	Eigen-value	Variances explained (%)	$\alpha$
Relational contract	5 items	0.610–0.844	2.429	60.735	0.783
		0.760–0.857	3.529	70.581	0.895
Transactional contract	5 items	0.613–0.837	1.957	65.232	0.731
		0.645–0.864	3.285	65.695	0.869
Stigma consciousness	4 items	0.885–0.922	3.324	83.101	0.931
		0.838–0.929	3.407	85.172	0.941
Job satisfaction	1 item	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
Intention to quit	3 items	0.813 −0.943	2.683	86.761	0.923
		0.813 −0.943	2.388	79.604	0.865
Task performance	7 items	0.641–0.868	4.891	69.865	0.927
Contextual performance	4 items	0.811–0.885	3.216	80.403	0.918

Note: N.A. = not available, since there is only one item to represent the research variable; $\alpha$= Cronbach’s Alpha; values in italic are the results of Study 2 while regular ones are the results of Study 1.

Table 3. Descriptive Statistics and Correlation Matrix—Study 1

Research Variables	Mean	S.D.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Relational contract	4.502	1.481	.740	.017	.093	.162	.096
	4.158	1.497	.755	.159	.001	.096	.094	.223	.172
Transactional contract	5.067	1.473	0.132	.704	.002	.001	.001
	5.238	1.045	−.398**	.780	.019	.150	.122	.246	.136
Stigma consciousness	4.415	1.739	−.305**	−.042	.911	.138	.081
	4.524	1.520	.038	.139	.896	.060	.120	.018	.079
Job satisfaction	4.926	1.625	.403**	−.034	−.372**	n.a.	.241
	5.438	1.055	.310**	−.388**	−.245*	n.a.	.330	.192	.206
Intention to quit	3.617	1.723	−.314**	−.032	.284**	−.491**	.931
	2.975	1.403	−.306**	.349**	.346**	−.575**	.837	.277	.260
Task performance	5.505	1.064	.472**	−.496**	−.134	.438**	−.526**	.802	.335
Contextual performance	5.562	1.100	.415**	−.368**	−.281**	.454**	−.510**	.579**	.860

Note:* represents p < 0.05, ** represents p < 0.01; values below diagonal are inter-factor correlations, values above diagonal are inter-factor squared correlations, and values in diagonal are AVE; values in italic are the results of Study 2 while regular ones are the results of Study 1.

Table 4. Regression Results

	Dependent Variables
	Intention to Quit				Job Satisfaction				Task Performance		Contextual Performance
	Study 1		Study 2		Study 1		Study 2		Study 2		Study 2
	M1	M2	M3	M4	M5	M6	M7	M8	M9	M10	M11	M12
Control Variables
Gender	0.006	−0.004	−0.160	−0.105	−0.144^+	−0.118^+	−0.087	−0.122	−0.017	−0.085	0.219^+	0.199
Tenure	−0.109	−0.090	−0.022	0.062	0.065	0.076	−0.012	−0.085	−0.140	−0.189^+	−0.040	−0.130
Job Status	−0.063	−0.053	0.093	−0.019	0.022	−0.028	−0.050	0.060	−0.040	0.036	−0.161	−0.060
Type of Job	−0.075	−0.089	−0.166	−0.131	−0.053	−0.028	0.013	−0.011	0.103	0.066	0.104	0.084
Position	−0.029	−0.064	0.110	0.142	−0.156^+	−0.089	0.138	0.088	0.104	0.103	−0.087	−0.135
Main Effects
Relational contract (RC)	−0.310***	−0.243**	−0.358**	−0.501***	0.413***	0.330***	0.359**	0.535***	0.437***	0.493***	0.383**	0.548***
Transactional contract (TC)	0.026	0.007	0.097	0.127	−0.093	−0.149*	−0.039	−0.081	−0.155	−0.185	−0.138	−0.147
Stigma consciousness (SC)		0.213**		0.383**		−0.260***		−0.369**		−0.254*		−0.357**
Moderating Effects
RC X SC		0.011		−0.246*		−0.171***		0.333**		0.074		0.298*
TC X SC		−0.012		0.126		−0.211***		−0.140		−0.128		−0.058
R^2	0.115	0.153	0.168	0.361	0.217	0.335	0.200	0.437	0.361	0.438	0.207	0.383
∆R^2	0.093	0.000	0.131	0.078	0.165	0.070	0.087	0.130	0.214	0.022	0.165	0.084
∆F	8.165	0.020	5.282	3.910	16.365	8.040	4.699	7.383	11.243	1.245	6.977	4.333
p	0.000	0.980	0.007	0.025	0.000	0.000	0.012	0.001	0.000	0.295	0.002	0.017

Note: ${ }^{+}$represents p < .10, * represents p < 0.05; ** represents p < 0.01, *** represents p < .001

Figure 2. The Moderating Effects of Stigma Consciousness (SC) in Study 1

Figure 3. The Moderating Effects of Stigma Consciousness (SC) in Study 2