Deficit of digital orientation among service-based firms in an emerging economy: a resource-based view

Figures & data

Table 1. Respondents’ Profile

Details		Frequency	Percent (%)
Gender	Male	321	68.88
	Female	145	31.12
Age	20-30	166	35.62
	31-40	179	38.41
	41-50	101	21.68
	51 above	20	4.29
Educational level	SSSCE	75	16.09
	HND/Diploma	101	21.68
	Degree	215	46.14
	Masters/PGD	75	16.09
Industry Category	Non-Financial Service Sector	158	33.91
	Financial Service Sector	308	66.09
Employee Size	Micro (1-10 employees)	56	12.02
	Small (11-60 employees)	178	38.20
	Medium(61-100employ above)	232	49.78
Sample size (n)		466	100

Source: Field data (January-May, 2022), retrieved from google form

Table 2. Construct reliability and validity, variance inflation factors (VIFs), and factor loadings

Constructs/Indicators	VIF	Factor Loadings	Dijkstra-Henseler’s rho (ρA)	Jöreskog’s rho (ρc)	Cronbach’s alpha(α)	The average variance extracted (AVE)
PKG			0.8415	0.8443	0.7694	0.5809
PKG1 PKG2 PKG3 PKG4	1.6373 1.6355 2.1543 2.1328	0.6248 0.6553 0.8592 0.8750
PCB			0.8636	0.9020	0.8393	0.7544
PCB1 PCB2 PCB3	2.2414 1.9368 1.8727	0.8809 0.8377 0.8862
DOR			0.7126	0.9316	0.9321	0.7323
DOR1 DOR2 DOR3 DOR4 DOR5	2.7869 3.0094 3.9180 3.5712 2.8127	0.8034 0.8881 0.9357 0.7750 0.8667
TIU			0.7760	0.8659	0.7688	0.6828
TIU1 TIU2 TIU3	1.5402 1.7110 1.5145	0.8421 0.8347 0.8016
PID			0.7266	0.8395	0.7147	0.6360
PID1 PID2 PID3	1.2622 1.5385 1.5441	0.7543 0.7895 0.8459

Source: Authors’ processing from ADANCO 2.0 version

Note Perceived knowledge gap (PKG), Perceived cost burden (PCB), Digital orientation(DOR), Technological/ innovation update (TU), and Perceived infrastructural deficit(PID).

Table 3. Test of discriminant validity—Fornell-Larcker criterion

1 = Perceived knowledge gap	0.5809
2 = Perceived Cost Burden	0.2216	0.7544
3 = Perceived Infrastructural Deficit	0.2401	0.1596	0.6360
4 = Technological/Innovation update	0.0998	0.0331	0.1026	0.6828
5 = Digital orientation among SMEs	0.0046	0.0045	0.0000	0.0042 0.723

Figure 1. Estimated research model. source: authors’ processing from ADANCO 2.1 Version.

Table 4. Hypothetical path coefficient -PLS-SEM

Relationship	Beta (β)	Standard bootstrap results					Decision
		Mean value	SD error	t-value	Effect size (Cohen’s f^2)	P-value
H1: PKG-> PID	0.3374	0.3389	0.0657	5.1327	0.1188	0.0000	Agreed
H2: PCB -> PID	0.2115	0.2091	0.0638	3.3142	0.0501	0.0005	Agreed
H3: TU-> PID	0.1785	0.1793	0.0531	3.3619	0.0412	0.0004	Agreed
H4: DOR-> PID	−0.0497	−0.0562	0.0626	−0.7941	0.0035	0.2831	Not Agreed
Independent Variable	Coefficient of determination (R^2)			Adjusted R^2
Perceived infrastructural deficit (PID)	0.3070			0.307
Technology/Innovation Update (TU)	0.0042			0.0004

Author’s processing from ADANCO 2.2.1 version

Perceived knowledge gap (PKG), Perceived cost burden (PCB), Digital orientation(DOR), Technological/Innovation update (TU), and Perceived infrastructural deficit (PID).