The intention of Muslim customers to adopt mobile banking: The case of Islamic banks in Indonesia

Figures & data

Figure 1. Research model.

Table 1. Descriptive statistics of the respondent’s characteristics (N = 219)

Characteristics		Frequency	Persentage
Gender	Male	107	0.49
	Female	112	0.51
Long time using m-banking	Less than two years	70	0.32
	2–4 years	64	0.29
	4–6 years	41	0.19
	6–8 years	13	0.06
	8–10 years	11	0.05
	More than ten years	20	0.09
Birth	1995–2012	118	0.54
	1977–1994	73	0.33
	1965–1976	26	0.12
Last education	Junior high school	2	0.01
	Senior high school	79	0.36
	Diploma	36	0.16
	Bachelor	77	0.35
	Magister	23	0.11
	Doktor	2	0.01
Work	Government employees	20	0.09
	Private employees	91	0.42
	Businessman	17	0.08
	Student	85	0.39
	Housewife	6	0.03
Expense per month	Under IDR 1,000,000	52	0.24
	IDR 1,000,001—IDR 2,500,000	52	0.24
	IDR 2,500,001—IDR 5,000,000	50	0.23
	IDR 5,000,001—IDR 7,500,000	30	0.14
	IDR 7,500,001—IDR 10,000,000	17	0.08
	IDR 10,000,001—IDR 12,500,000	7	0.03
	IDR 12,500,001—IDR 15,000,000	5	0.02
	Above IDR 15,000,000	6	0.03

Note: 1 dollar on average equals IDR 14,500,-

Table 2. Reliability and convergent validity: validations of the measurements

Construct	Item	Load	CA	rho_A	CR	AVE
Relative advantage (RA)	RA1	0.748	0.866	0.871	0.909	0.715
	RA2	0.845
	RA3	0.876
	RA4	0.904
Awareness (AWA)	AW1	0.922	0.925	0.930	0.947	0.818
	AW2	0.885
	AW3	0.945
	AW4	0.864
Compatibility (COM)	COM1	0.845	0.893	0.900	0.921	0.700
	COM2	0.875
	COM3	0.845
	COM4	0.795
	COM5	0.822
Observability (OBS)	OB1	0.816	0.86	0.872	0.898	0.637
	OB2	0.770
	OB3	0.776
	OB4	0.852
	OB5	0.776
Trialability (TRB)	TR1	0.769	0.867	0.882	0.903	0.652
	TR2	0.819
	TR3	0.770
	TR4	0.836
	TR5	0.840
Perceived risk (PRS)	PR1	0.781	0.885	0.900	0.915	0.682
	PR2	0.870
	PR3	0.883
	PR4	0.784
	PR5	0.806
Complexity (COMX)	COMX1	0.883	0.893	0.902	0.922	0.705
	COMX2	0.891
	COMX3	0.708
	COMX4	0.885
	COMX5	0.816
Religiosity (REL)	RE1	0.900	0.933	0.939	0.949	0.789
	RE2	0.930
	RE3	0.906
	RE4	0.830
	RE5	0.873
Intention (INT)	INT1	0.858	0.883	0.890	0.915	0.683
	INT2	0.760
	INT3	0.871
	INT4	0.870
	INT5	0.765

Note: Load, Factor Loading; CA, Cronbach’s Alpha; CR, Composite Reliability; AVE, Average Variance Extracted.

Table 3. Discriminant validity: fornell-larcker criterion

	AW	COM	COMX	INT	OB	PRS	RA	REL	TRB
AW	0.904
COM	0.611	0.837
COMX	−0.607	−0.679	0.840
INT	0.678	0.682	−0.641	0.826
OBS	0.661	0.636	−0.537	0.631	0.798
PRS	0.210	0.189	−0.039	0.171	0.224	0.826
RA	0.526	0.694	−0.615	0.553	0.481	0.172	0.845
REL	0.529	0.508	−0.460	0.655	0.472	0.225	0.405	0.888
TRB	0.686	0.592	−0.621	0.597	0.682	0.189	0.541	0.424	0.807

Table 4. Discriminant validity: heterotrait-monotrait ratio (HTMT)

	AW	COM	COMX	INT	OB	PRS	RA	REL	TRB
AW	0.000
COM	0.668	0.000
COMX	0.662	0.754	0.000
INT	0.745	0.759	0.714	0.000
OBS	0.729	0.708	0.576	0.704	0.000
PRS	0.223	0.206	0.070	0.184	0.269	0.000
RA	0.574	0.778	0.684	0.617	0.538	0.193	0.000
REL	0.569	0.552	0.495	0.717	0.514	0.248	0.435	0.000
TRB	0.754	0.658	0.690	0.662	0.758	0.216	0.608	0.460	0.000

Table 5. Multicollinearity assessment using VIF values

	AW	COM	COMX	INT	OBS	PRS	RA	REL	TRB
INT	2.533	2.920	2.438		2.428	1.127	2.148	1.557	2.559

Figure 2. Hypothesis testing.

Table 6. Hypothesis testing

Hypothesis	Relation	f ^2	β	T-Stat	P -Values	Result
H1	RAD -> INT	0.001	0.027	0.468	0.640	Rejected
H2	COM -> INT	0.039	0.194	2.433	0.015	Accepted
H3	COMX -> INT	0.028	−0.150	2.140	0.033	Accepted
H4	OBS -> INT	0.020	0.127	1.912	0.056	Accepted
H5	TRB -> INT	0.001	0.029	0.419	0.675	Rejected
H6	PRS -> INT	0.001	−0.019	0.552	0.581	Rejected
H7	AWA -> INT	0.044	0.192	1.762	0.079	Accepted
H8	REL -> INT	0.183	0.307	4.960	0.000	Accepted

Note: Significant at alpha 1% if the p-value is less than 0.01, significant at 5% if the p-value is less than 0.05, and significant at alpha 10% if the p-value is less than 0.10.