Paradoxical effects of social media use on workplace interpersonal conflicts

Figures & data

Figure 1. Theoretical framework: social media behaviour mediates the relationship between job stress and workplace interpersonal conflicts.

Table 1. Respondent characteristics

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percentage
Gender	Male	176	69.6
	Female	77	30.4
Age	21 to 25	36	14.2
	26 to 30	67	26.5
	31 to 35	78	30.8
	36 to 40	48	19.0
	41 to 45	12	4.7
	46 to 50	12	4.7
Education	Diploma or less	28	11.1
	Graduation	111	46.6
	Masters	91	36.0
	PhD	16	6.3
Job type	Part time	44	17.4
	Contract	160	63.2
	Permanent	49	19.4
Ethnicity	Malay	186	73.5
	Chinese	24	9.5
	Indian	24	9.5
	Others	19	7.5

Table 2. Measurement modelling results

Construct	Items	Item Loadings	Composite Reliability	Average Variance Extracted
Job Stress	JS1	0.799	0.871	0.579
	JS2	0.628
	JS3	0.662
	JS4	0.913
	JS5	0.768
	JS6	0.799
Social Media Addiction	SMAD1	0.842	0.838	0.512
	SMAD2	0.649
	SMAD3	0.716
	SMAD4	0.719
	SMAD5	0.632
Work-related Social Media Activities	WSMA1	0.759	0.905	0.658
	WSMA2	0.783
	WSMA3	0.836
	WSMA4	0.889
	WSMA5	0.781
	WSMA6	0.759
Workplace Interpersonal Conflicts	WIC1	0.671	0.815	0.511
	WIC2	0.608
	WIC3	0.787
	WIC4	0.69
	WIC5	0.659

Table 3. Results of discriminant validity

	Fornell–Larcker Criterion				Heterotrait-Monotrait (HTMT) Ratio
	1	2	3	4	1		2	3	4
JS	0.761				-		-	-	-
SM Addiction	0.479	0.716			0.574		-	-	-
Work-related SMA	0.37	0.371	0.811		0.442		0.418	-	-
WIC	0.23	0.458	0.481	0.686	0.313		0.579	0.472	-

Table 4. Results of the structural model

Hypothesis	Path Coefficient (β)	Standard Deviation (STDEV)	T Statistics	R^2	f^2
JS -> SM Addiction	0.479	0.042	11.3*	0.234	0.298
JS -> Work-related SMA	0.37	0.062	5.973*	0.156	0.159
JS -> WIC	−0.081	0.074	1.105	0.327	0.007
SM Addiction-> WIC	0.356	0.084	4.212*		0.137
Work-related SMA -> WIC	0.38	0.136	2.799*		0.174

Note: *1% level of significant

Table 5. Indirect effect of JS on WIC through social media behaviour

Hypothesis	Path Coefficient (β)	Standard Deviation (STDEV)	T Statistics
JS -> SM Addiction-> WIC	0.133	0.036	3.672*
JS -> Work-related SMA -> WIC	0.162	0.047	3.469*

Note: *1% level of significant