School-scape as a linguistic battlefield: an LL study at Darussalam education complex of Gontor, Indonesia

Figures & data

Figure 1. The use of languages in the public signs.

Figure 2. Multilingualism in PMDG area.

Figure 3. Distribution of monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual signs.

Figure 4. Monolingual signs in PMDG.

Figure 5. Distribution of monolingual signs in PMDG.

Figure 6. Monolingual signs in English.

Figure 7. Monolingual signs in Arabic.

Figure 8. Bilingual signs in PMDG.

Figure 9. Distribution of bilingual signs in PMDG.

Figure 10. Arabic and English in bilingual signs.

Figure 11. Indonesian and English in bilingual signs.

Figure 12. Indonesian and Arabic in bilingual signs.

Figure 13. Indonesian-Arabic and Indonesian-English in bilingual signs.

Figure 14. Distribution of multilingual signs.

Figure 15. Multilingual signs in slogans.