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Research Article

Extractive spectrophotometric determination of five selected drugs by ion-pair complex formation with bromothymol blue in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations

, , , & | (Reviewing Editor)
Article: 1075852 | Received 19 Dec 2014, Accepted 15 Jul 2015, Published online: 24 Aug 2015

Figures & data

Figure 1. Chemical structures of the drugs.

Figure 1. Chemical structures of the drugs.

Figure 2. Representative absorption spectra of studied drugs (ITO (20 µg/mL), MID (120 µg/mL), DIC (20 µg/mL), MES (30 µg/mL), and SUM (100 µg/mL)) and BTB (0.1%) in aqueous medium.

Figure 2. Representative absorption spectra of studied drugs (ITO (20 µg/mL), MID (120 µg/mL), DIC (20 µg/mL), MES (30 µg/mL), and SUM (100 µg/mL)) and BTB (0.1%) in aqueous medium.

Figure 3. Ion-pair complex formation of BTB with (a) ITO (3.0–30 µg/mL), (b) MID (1.0–20 µg/mL), (c) DIC (1.5–40 µg/mL), (d) MES (1.2–12 µg/mL), and (e) SUM (0.5–15 µg/mL)] in chloroform.

Figure 3. Ion-pair complex formation of BTB with (a) ITO (3.0–30 µg/mL), (b) MID (1.0–20 µg/mL), (c) DIC (1.5–40 µg/mL), (d) MES (1.2–12 µg/mL), and (e) SUM (0.5–15 µg/mL)] in chloroform.

Figure 4. Plausible mechanism of ion-pair complex formation between the drugs and the anionic dye, bromothymol blue.

Figure 4. Plausible mechanism of ion-pair complex formation between the drugs and the anionic dye, bromothymol blue.

Figure 5. Job’s plot for ion-pair complexes of BTB with (a) ITO, (b) MID, (c) DIC, (d) MES and (e) SUM in chloroform (1.5 × 10−3 M).

Figure 5. Job’s plot for ion-pair complexes of BTB with (a) ITO, (b) MID, (c) DIC, (d) MES and (e) SUM in chloroform (1.5 × 10−3 M).

Figure 6. Benesi–Hildebrand plots for association constants of ion-pair complexes between the drugs and BTB.

Figure 6. Benesi–Hildebrand plots for association constants of ion-pair complexes between the drugs and BTB.

Table 1. Association constants of the ion-pair complexes between the drugs and BTB

Figure 7. Calibration curves for ITO, MID, DIC, MES, and SUM at 411, 410, 413, 412, and 414 nm, respectively.

Figure 7. Calibration curves for ITO, MID, DIC, MES, and SUM at 411, 410, 413, 412, and 414 nm, respectively.

Table 2. Optical characteristics and analytical data for the studied drugs

Table 3. Intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision data for the selected drugs

Table 4. Determination of drugs in dosage forms by standard addition method (n = 5)

Table 5. Statistical comparison of the proposed method with reference method for the determination of drugs in tablet formulations (n = 5)