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DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS

Unlocking the relationship between capital flows and economic growth in a small open economy of Kenya: An empirical investigation

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Article: 2085608 | Received 16 Jun 2021, Accepted 31 May 2022, Published online: 17 Jun 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. GDP growth rate in Kenya (1980–2017).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 1. GDP growth rate in Kenya (1980–2017).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 2. Foreign capital flows to Kenya in millions (Current US$).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 2. Foreign capital flows to Kenya in millions (Current US$).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 3. Foreign capital flows to Kenya in millions (Current US$) (without debt stock).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 3. Foreign capital flows to Kenya in millions (Current US$) (without debt stock).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 4. Foreign capital flows to Kenya as % of GDP.Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 4. Foreign capital flows to Kenya as % of GDP.Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 5. Foreign capital flows to Kenya as % of GDP (without debts).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Figure 5. Foreign capital flows to Kenya as % of GDP (without debts).Source: Author’s based on World Bank World Development Indicators database 2019

Table 1. ADF unit root test results

Table 2. Breakpoint unit root test results

Table 3a. ARDL Bounds test results: Economic growth as dependent variable

Table 3b. ARDL Bounds test results: Capital flows as dependent variable

Table 4. Pairwise Granger causality test

Table 5. ARDL/short-run results—economic growth (Y) as dependent variable

Table 6. ARDL/long-run error correction modelling results—economic growth (Y) as dependent variable