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DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS

The effect of foreign direct investment on structural transformation in developing countries

ORCID Icon, &
Article: 2125658 | Received 18 May 2022, Accepted 14 Sep 2022, Published online: 23 Sep 2022

Figures & data

Table 1. Definition, measurement, and expected signs of variables

Table 2. Definition, measurement, data source, and expected signs of structural transformation variables

Table 3. Engenvalues of structural transformation

Table 4. Common factors and weight analysis

Table 5. Structural transformation status of the countries

Figure 1. Resources shift among different sectors in both NICs and LDCs.

Note: ______Agricultural Share,——-Manufacturing Share,−∙∙ServicesShare
Figure 1. Resources shift among different sectors in both NICs and LDCs.

Figure 2. The trend of per capita capital stock (1990–2018).

Figure 2. The trend of per capita capital stock (1990–2018).

Figure 3. The trend of per capita income (1990–2018).

Figure 3. The trend of per capita income (1990–2018).

Table 6. Descriptive statistics

Figure 4. Trends of structural transformation (1990–2018).

Note: 1 = Argentina, 2 = Burkina Faso, 3 = Bangladesh, 4 = Bolivia, 5 = Brazil, 6 = Botswana, 7 = China, 8 = Cameroon, 9 = Colombia, 10 = Costa Rica, 11 = Ecuador, 12 = Egypt, 13 = Ethiopia, 14 = Ghana, 15 = Indonesia, 16 = India, 17 = Kenya, 18 = Cambodia, 19 = LAOs, 20 = Sri Lanka, 21 = Lesotho, 22 = Morocco, 23 = Mexico, 24 = Myanmar, 25 = Mozambique, 26 = Mauritius, 27 = Malawi, 28 = Malaysia, 29 = Namibia, 30 = Nigeria, 31 = Nepal, 32 = Pakistan, 33 = Peru, 34 = Philippines, 35 = Rwanda, 36 = Senegal, 37 = Thailand, 38 = Tunisia, 39 = Turkey, 40 = Tanzania, 41 = Uganda, 42 = Viet Nam, 43 = South Africa, 44 = Zambia, 45 = Taiwan, 46 = Hong Kong, 47 = South Korea, and 48 = Singapore.
Figure 4. Trends of structural transformation (1990–2018).

Table 7. Fisher unit root test

Table 8. The one-step arallano-bond (1991) estimation output (Developing Countries)

Table 9. Fixed effect model estimation output (Developing Countries)