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FINANCIAL ECONOMICS

Speculative ratios and returns volatility in the South African white maize futures market

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Article: 2160127 | Received 18 May 2022, Accepted 14 Dec 2022, Published online: 23 Dec 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. Daily returns of South African white maize futures.

Figure 1. Daily returns of South African white maize futures.

Table 1. Descriptive Statistics

Figure 2. Volatility in the South African white maize futures market.

Figure 2. Volatility in the South African white maize futures market.

Figure 3. South African white maize futures daily closing prices.

Figure 3. South African white maize futures daily closing prices.

Figure 4. Speculative ratio.

Figure 4. Speculative ratio.

Figure 5. Hedge ratio.

Figure 5. Hedge ratio.

Table 2. VAR estimation

Table 3. LM residual serial correlation tests

Table 4. Unit Root Tests

Table 5. Granger-causality tests

Table 6. VAR Granger Causality/ Block Exogeneity Wald Tests

Table 7. Variance Decomposition

Figure 6. Impulse Response Functions (Speculative Ratio and Volatility).

Figure 6. Impulse Response Functions (Speculative Ratio and Volatility).

Figure 7. Impulse Response Functions (Hedge Ratio and Volatility).

Figure 7. Impulse Response Functions (Hedge Ratio and Volatility).