The effect of sensory experience on sport development: baseball simulation in Korea

Figures & data

Table 1. Items’ descriptive statistics and reliabilities.

Construct (Cronbach's α)	Item “To what degree do (are) you” (Mean/Standard Deviation)	Item-total correlations	Inter-item correlations
Visual Stimuli (.82)	See athletes’ information? (3.69/1.78)	.68	.48
	See a pitcher's motion? (4.77/1.56)	.61
	See stadium background? (4.15/1.66)	.68
	See outfielders’ motion? (3.63/1.77)	.58
	See a ball launched? (5.26/1.55)	.54
Aural Stimuli (.83)	hear batting? (5.53/1.26)	.68	.52
	Hear ball bounced? (5.37/1.31)	.65
	Hear net hit by ball? (4.63/1.67)	.29
	Hear simulation's promotion? (4.83/1.47)	.40
	Hear people's cheering? (5.35/1.41)	.47
Tactile Stimuli (.77)	Feel a hit on arms? (5.59/1.34)	.55	.45
	Feel bat grip on hands? (5.46/1.33)	.64
	Feel glove on hands? (4.08/1.99)	.33
	Feel swing on arms? (5.25/1.35)	.64
Interest in Baseball (.93)	Interested in baseball information? (4.45/1.42)	.83	.78
	Interested in baseball knowledge? (4.42/1.48)	.87
	Interested in baseball culture? (4.48/1.43)	.85
	Interested in baseball news? (4.40/1.49)	.81
Athletic Identity (.93)	Identity yourself with a baseball player? (3.86/1.68)	.89	.82
	Identity yourself with a hitter? (4.07/1.65)	.88
	Identity yourself with a famous player? (3.46/1.66)	.79
Intention to Play Baseball (.93)	Intend to participate in baseball games? (3.96/1.49)	.82	.78
	Intend to participate in baseball practices? (4.17/1.47)	.89
	Intend to participate in baseball lessons? (4.14/1.56)	.85
	Intend to play baseball with others? (4.14/1.50)	.83

Table 2. Groups’ marginal means and standard error.

	Visual Stimuli		Aural Stimuli		Tactile Stimuli
	High (n = 107)	Low (n = 102)	High (n = 108)	Low (n = 101)	High (n = 109)	Low (n = 100)
Interest in Baseball	4.62 (.14)	4.22 (.14)	4.78 (.14)	4.06 (.14)	4.57 (.14)	4.27 (.14)
Athletic Identity	3.72 (.17)	3.87 (.17)	3.85 (.17)	3.74 (.17)	4.24 (.17)	3.36 (.17)
Participation Intention	4.11 (.15)	3.88 (.15)	4.12 (.15)	3.87 (.15)	4.37 (.14)	3.62 (.15)

Note: Bold and italic cells suggest significant difference at .005 level.