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Research Article

Do arboreal termite nests increase mortality in Mauritia flexuosa L. f. (Arecaceae) during wildfires?

ORCID Icon, & ORCID Icon
Pages 86-90 | Received 21 Jan 2019, Accepted 03 Mar 2021, Published online: 10 Mar 2021

Figures & data

Figure 1. Location and position of transect lines for survey 1 and survey 2 in the Aripo Savannas environmentally sensitive area (ASESA), Trinidad

Figure 1. Location and position of transect lines for survey 1 and survey 2 in the Aripo Savannas environmentally sensitive area (ASESA), Trinidad

Figure 2. Images of non-fire-exposed and fire-exposed palm stems after the first fire in March 2014 along Transect Line 1(a-d), and damages to fire-exposed stems after the second fire along Transect Line 2 in 2017 (e-h). (a) non-fire-exposed Mauritia flexuosa stem with Nasutitermes ephratae nest. (b) fire-exposed M. flexuosa stem without N. ephratae nest. (c. & d) fire-exposed M. flexuosa stems showing severe damage that is associated with N. ephratae nest. (e-h) repeated burning of M. flexuosa palms appears to cause further damage, including the death of some palms

Note: each letter represents a different palm.
Figure 2. Images of non-fire-exposed and fire-exposed palm stems after the first fire in March 2014 along Transect Line 1(a-d), and damages to fire-exposed stems after the second fire along Transect Line 2 in 2017 (e-h). (a) non-fire-exposed Mauritia flexuosa stem with Nasutitermes ephratae nest. (b) fire-exposed M. flexuosa stem without N. ephratae nest. (c. & d) fire-exposed M. flexuosa stems showing severe damage that is associated with N. ephratae nest. (e-h) repeated burning of M. flexuosa palms appears to cause further damage, including the death of some palms

Figure 3. Association between the size of termite nests (i.e. the maximum Feret diameter: 0–10, 10–20, 20–30 or >30 cm) and the extent of damage to Mauritia flexuosa stems (% damage to rhytidome and cortex) following a wildfire. The fitted line is derived from a generalised linear model with a quasi-poisson distribution fitted using a maximum likelihood function in Rstudio (version 1.2.1335). Only palms showing evidence of fire are included, palms with termite nest above 2.5 m are also excluded. Points are jittered for clarity, n = 69

Figure 3. Association between the size of termite nests (i.e. the maximum Feret diameter: 0–10, 10–20, 20–30 or >30 cm) and the extent of damage to Mauritia flexuosa stems (% damage to rhytidome and cortex) following a wildfire. The fitted line is derived from a generalised linear model with a quasi-poisson distribution fitted using a maximum likelihood function in Rstudio (version 1.2.1335). Only palms showing evidence of fire are included, palms with termite nest above 2.5 m are also excluded. Points are jittered for clarity, n = 69