The call of Rhinella festae (Peracca, 1904) (Anura: Bufonidae) from Morona Santiago, Ecuador

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive statistics of call parameters of one individual of Rhinella festae.

Parameters	Range (Mean ± SD)
Dominant frequency (kHz)	1.21‒1.55 (1.40 ± 0.10)
Call duration (s)	0.18‒0.98 (0.72 ± 0.29)
Interval between calls (s)	1.87‒29.45 (6.55 ± 7.95)
Call rate (calls/min)	1.98‒27.60 (14.29 ± 7.91)
Notes per call	1‒2 (1.75 ± 0.45)
Note duration (s)	0.14‒0.29 (0.22 ± 0.04)
Interval between notes (s)	12‒26 (18.75 ± 3.37)
Note rate (notes/s)	1.20‒1.58 (1.47 ± 0.12)
Pulses per note	2‒5 (3.86 ± 0.79)
Pulse duration (s)	0.011‒0.058 (0.024 ± 0.01)
Interval between notes (s)	0.022‒0.061 (0.041 ± 0.01)
Pulse rate (pulses/s)	11.63‒19.61 (14.91 ± 1.81)

Figure 1. Oscillogram and spectrogram of the call of a male individual (DHMECN 15830; SVL 34 mm) of Rhinella festae, recorded in the locality Rio Abanico, Morona Santiago province, Ecuador.

Table 2. Studies that report call descriptions with absence of vocal slits or sacs in anurans

Species	Vocal slits	Vocal sac	Type	Reference
Chiasmocleis antenori	Absent	Absent	Quantitative*	[23]
Chiasmocleis carvalhoi	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[24]
Chiasmocleis mantiqueira	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[25]
Chiasmocleis parkeri	Present	Absent	Quantitative	[26]
Craugastor aff. Persimilis	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[27]
Craugastor gabbi	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[27]
Craugastor galacticorhinus	Absent	Absent	Qualitative**	[28]
Craugastor gollmeri	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[29]
Craugastor noblei	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[30]
Craugastor stejnegerianus	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[31]
Craugastor stejnegerianus	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[27]
Craugastor underwoodi	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[27]
Craugastor yucatanensis	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[32]
Gastrotheca cornuta	Absent	Absent	Qualitative	[33]
Megaelosia goeldii	Absent	Absent	Qualitative	[34]
Pristimantis dorado	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[35]
Pristimantis nelsongalloi	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[36]
Pristimantis paquishae	Absent	–	Quantitative	[37]
Pristimantis trachyblepharis	Absent	Absent	Qualitative	[38]
Rhinella festae	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	This study
Stefania evansi	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[33,39]
Stefania riveroi	Absent	Absent	Quantitative	[33,39]
Triprion spinosus	Absent	–	Quantitative	[40,41]

*Based on an analysis of the spectral and temporal parameters of calls.

**Based on comments and onomatopoeia of sounds.

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