From European critical infrastructure protection to the resilience of European critical entities: what does it mean?

Figures & data

Figure 1. The policy process towards the CER directive.

Table

5G	fifth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks
AI	artificial intelligence
CE	critical entity
CEN	European Committee for Standardization
CENELEC	European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
CER Directive	European Union Directive on the resilience of critical entities
CI	critical infrastructure
CII	critical information infrastructure
CIP	critical infrastructure protection
CIR	critical infrastructure resilience
DG	Directorate-General (of the European Commission, e.g., HOME or ECHO)
ECI Directive	European Union Directive on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection
EEA	European Economic Area
EPCIP	European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection
ERNCIP	European Reference Network for Critical infrastructure Protection (European Commission)
EU	European Union
Horizon Europe	Former Horizon 2020. Horizon Europe is the EU’s key funding programme for research and innovation with a budget of €95.5 billion 2021–2027, based on targeted calls and competition.
ICT	Information and Communication Technology
ISO JHA	International Organization for Standardization Justice and Home Affairs Council of the European Union
JRC	Joint Research Centre (European Commission)
NATO	North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NIS2 Directive	European Union Network and Information Security Directive 2
PPP	public-private partnership
RDI	research, development and innovation
TRL	technology readiness level