DNA barcoding in quarantine inspection: a case study on quarantine insect monitoring for Lepidoptera obtained through quarantine inspection on foreign vessels

Figures & data

Figure 1. Three regulated quarantine pests detected in this study. (A) Orthosia hibisci; (B) Noctua pronuba; (C) Pieris brassica.

Table 1. Number of putative species of the 517 lepidopteran insects obtained through quarantine inspection by DNA barcoding.

Family	No. of individual	No. of species	No. of identification at species level (no. of identified individual)
Arctiidae	2	2	2 (2)
Brahmaeidae	1	1	1 (1)
Cossidae	1	1	0 (0)
Crambidae	21	11	8 (13)
Drepanidae	4	3	2 (3)
Erebidae	155	42	36 (122)
Geometridae	57	31	15 (29)
Hesperiidae	1	1	1 (1)
Limacodidae	9	4	3 (8)
Noctuidae	161	64	37 (106)
Nolidae	6	5	3 (4)
Notodontidae	42	17	9 (27)
Nymphalidae	7	5	5 (7)
Pieridae	2	2	2 (2)
Pyralidae	18	6	3 (14)
Sesiidae	1	1	1 (1)
Sphingidae	23	14	14 (23)
Tortricidae	1	1	0 (0)
Uraniidae	2	1	1 (2)
Zygaenidae	3	2	2 (3)
Total	517	214	145 (368)

Table 2. List of the species that are not known in Korea. A total of 30 species were found through DNA barcoding.

No	Family	Identification Result	Sample No	Remarks
1	Crambidae	Palpita quadristigmalis	1262, 1263, 1463, 1596
2	Erebidae	Achaea serva	1548
3	Erebidae	Asota caricae	1443, 1530
4	Erebidae	Asota heliconia	1507, 1531, 1617
5	Erebidae	Catocala doerrisi	1660
6	Erebidae	Daddala lucila	1362, 1645, 1670
7	Erebidae	Dichromia quinqualis	1594
8	Erebidae	Eilema depressum	1289
9	Erebidae	Eudocima phalonia	1535, 1556
10	Erebidae	Hydrillodes metisalis	1604
11	Erebidae	Laelia umbrina	1233
12	Erebidae	Pericyma crueqeri	1592
13	Geometridae	Abraxas tenuisuffusa	1242
14	Geometridae	Asthena undulata	1597
15	Geometridae	Odontopera aurata	1180, 1320, 1321
16	Noctuidae	Athetis thoracica	1406
17	Noctuidae	Leucania venalba	1128
18	Noctuidae	Noctua comes	1495
19	Noctuidae	Noctua pronuba	1459	RP
20	Noctuidae	Orthosia hibisci	1140	RP
21	Noctuidae	Plusia nichollae	1499
22	Noctuidae	Stenhypena albopunctata	1292
23	Notodontidae	Cerura erminea	1238, 1510
24	Nymphalidae	Libythea lepita	1348, 1665
25	Pieridae	Pieris brassicae	1533	RP
26	Pyralidae	Arippara disticha	1210, 1293, 1399, 1431, 1432, 1433, 1438,1460, 1472, 1595, 1681
27	Sphingidae	Aellopos titan	1537
28	Sphingidae	Psilogramma japonica	1576, 1578
29	Uraniidae	Lyssa zampa	1446, 1447
30	Zygaenidae	Histia flabellicornis	1508

RP: Regulated pests.