DNA barcoding of fishes from Lake Lanao, Philippines

Figures & data

Figure 1. Unrooted Neighbor-joining tree of 75 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences from 12 Lake Lanao fish species (marked with filled triangles) and 31 reference sequences (obtained from GenBank) using Kimura 2-parameter distances and based on 552 nucleotides. Analyses were conducted using MEGA 7 software (Kumar et al. 2016). GenBank accession numbers are given after each scientific name. Numbers on nodes represent percentage bootstrap support out of 1000 bootstrap sampling. Bootstrap support values less than 90% are not shown. The scale bar represents 2 substitutional changes per 100 nucleotide positions. The fishes belong to five orders: Ananbantiformes (Anabantidae, Channidae, Osphronemidae), Cypriniformes (Cyprinidae), Cichliformes (Cichlidae), Gobiiformes (Eleotridae, Gobiidae), and Siluriformes (Clariidae).

Table 1. Endemic, native, and introduced fish species reported in Lake Lanao.

Current valid scientific name	Status/ year of introduction	Reference
Barbodes amarus Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966), Kornfield (1982)
Brabodes clemensi Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941) Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes flavifuscus Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes katolo Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975)
Barbodes lanaoensis Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Villaluz (1966), Kornfield (1982)
Barbodes lindog Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975), Kornfield (1982), Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Barbodes manalak Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975)
Barbodes tumba Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975), Kornfield (1982), Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Barbodes palata Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966), Kornfield (1982)
Barbodes pachycheilus Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes resinus Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes truncatulus Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes palaemophagus Herre, 1924	Endemic	Herre (1924a), Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes baoulan Herre, 1926	Endemic	Herre (1926), Fowler (1941) Villaluz (1966), Escudero (1994)
Barbodes tras Herre, 1926	Endemic	Herre (1926), Fowler (1941) Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes disa Herre, 1932	Endemic	Herre (1932), Fowler (1941) Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes sirang Herre, 1932	Endemic	Herre (1932), Fowler (1941) Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975), Kornfield (1982), Escudero (1994)
Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842)	Native	Fowler (1941), Villaluz (1966)
Barbodes. herrei (Fowler, 1934)	Endemic	Fowler (1933, 1941)
Barbodes joaquinae (Wood, 1968)	Endemic	Wood (1968)
Barbodes umalii (Wood, 1968)	Endemic	Wood (1968)
Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792)	Native to the Philippines but introduced to Lake Lanao	Villaluz (1966), Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Anguilla celebesensis Kaup, 1856	Native to Lake Lanao	Herre (1923), Villaluz (1966)^a
Channa striata (Bloch, 1793)	Native to the Philippines but introduced to Lake Lanao	Herre (1924b), Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975)^b, Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Chanos chanos (Forsskål, 1775)	Native to the Philippines but introduced to Lake Lanao in 1955, 1962, 1963, 1964	Villaluz (1966)
Clarias batrachus^c (Linnaeus, 1758)	Native to the Philippines but introduced to Lake Lanao	Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975) ^b, Ismail et al. (2014)
Clarias macrocephalus^c Gunther, 1864	unknown	Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758	1915, 1926	Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975)^b, Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Giuris margaritaceus (Valenciennes, 1837)	∼1975	Kornfield (1982), Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Glossogobius aureus Akihito and Meguro, 1975	Unknown	Akihito and Meguro (1975)
Glossogobius celebius^d (Valenciennes, 1837)	Unknown	Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Glossogobius giuris^d (Hamilton, 1822)	∼1963	Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975)^b, Kornfield (1982), Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Oreochromis mossambicus^e (Peters, 1852)	1955	Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975) ^b; Ismail et al. (2014)
Oreochromis niloticus^e (Linnaeus, 1758)	∼1972^f	Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)
Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede, 1802)	1915	Villaluz (1966)
Trichopodus pectoralis Regan, 1910	∼1938	Villaluz (1966), Sanguila et al. (1975) ^b, Escudero (1994), Ismail et al. (2014)

a Reported as A. mauritiana by Villaluz (1966).

b Common name was used to cite the presence of the fish species.

cde Species that were recorded collectively in the study of Ismail et al. (2014).

f The year is based on the introduction of O. niloticus in the Philippines (Guerrero, 2014).

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