Describing novel mitochondrial genomes of Antarctic amphipods

Figures & data

Table 1. Sampling details of specimens analyzed in this study, including date of sample, expedition, locality, geographical coordinates, voucher ID provided by Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), and gear used during sampling.

Species	Date collected	Expedition	Locality, coordinates	Voucher ID	Gear
Eusirus cf. giganteus (G1)	23 February 2013	PS81, ANT-XXIX-3	Bransfield Strait, 62°43.73′S 57°29.04′W	INV. 122797 spec. C	Agassiz trawl
Eusirus cf. giganteus (G2)	15 January 2008	CEAMARC	Adélie Coast, 66°10′14.3′S 139°21′11.3″E	MNHN-IU-2019-3365	Beam trawl
Charcotia amundseni	23 December 2008	BELARE 08-09	Crown Bay, 70°S 23°E	INV.180000	Baited trap

Eusirus cf. giganteus (G1) and E. cf. giganteus (G2) are taxonomically undescribed putative species that belong to E. giganteus complexes as verified genetically by Baird et al. (2011) and Verheye and D’Udekem D’Acoz (2021).

Table 2. Gene lengths, AT content, and AT and GC skews of E. cf. giganteus (G1), E. cf. giganteus (G2) and C. amundseni and 40 other amphipod species with complete, published mitogenomes (for details of the analyzed species, see Supplementary Table 1).

		Whole mitogenome			Protein coding genes			tRNA genes			rRNA genes
Species	Length	A + T%	AT skew	GC skew	A + T%	AT skew	GC skew	A + T%	AT skew	GC skew	A + T%	AT skew	GC skew
Eusirus cf. giganteus (G1)	15,558	61.90	0.008	−0.201	59.60	−0.003	−0.207	66.20	0.063	−0.096	69.70	0.020	−0.260
Eusirus cf. giganteus (G2)	15,534	61.90	0.012	−0.201	59.60	−0.007	−0.208	66.20	0.066	−0.098	69.70	0.021	−0.261
Charcotia amundseni	15,619	68.70	0.092	−0.317	67.30	0.115	−0.312	69.90	0.058	−0.220	70.80	0.057	−0.310
Alicella gigantea	16,851	68.44	0.071	−0.301	66.12	−0.122	0.007	65.52	0.027	0.106	69.59	−0.135	0.335
Ampithoe lacertosa	14,607	77.00	0.066	−0.153	72.10	0.071	−0.157	75.55	0.092	−0.071	80.17	0.073	−0.216
Bahadzia jaraguensis	14,657	69.67	0.037	−0.431	68.48	0.040	−0.454	71.85	0.018	−0.184	72.43	0.076	−0.477
Brachyuropus grewingkii	17,118	62.24	0.003	−0.307	60.20	−0.015	−0.295	65.41	0.025	−0.157	66.36	0.074	−0.383
Caprella mutica	15,427	68.00	−0.020	−0.170	67.70	−0.140	−0.110	72.00	0.010	−0.112	72.40	−0.050	−0.170
Caprella scaura	15,079	66.43	−0.015	−0.134	64.24	−0.028	−0.136	71.09	0.025	−0.139	71.77	0.024	−0.149
Epimeria cornigera	14,391	68.11	0.034	−0.357	66.92	0.039	−0.373	69.72	0.031	−0.140	73.54	0.019	−0.384
Eulimnogammarus cyaneus	14,370	67.59	−0.019	−0.251	66.78	−0.040	−0.246	66.69	0.017	−0.132	71.81	0.095	−0.377
Eulimnogammarus verrucosus	15,314	68.96	−0.007	−0.238	66.63	−0.023	−0.249	67.42	0.022	−0.090	69.54	0.072	−0.348
Eulimnogammarus vittatus	15,534	67.42	−0.014	−0.222	65.59	−0.033	−0.226	67.30	0.013	−0.122	71.30	0.072	−0.341
Eurythenes magellanicus	14,988	61.15	0.044	−0.388	59.26	0.040	−0.399	64.70	0.042	−0.202	64.65	0.074	−0.443
Eurythenes maldoror	14,976	61.53	0.067	−0.430	59.81	−0.152	−0.065	64.65	0.042	0.077	64.86	−0.073	0.459
Gammarus duebeni	15,651	64.00	−0.016	−0.223	61.00	−0.038	−0.229	64.00	0.031	−0.121	65.00	0.037	−0.345
Gammarus fossarum	15,989	65.14	0.018	−0.261	62.56	0.011	−0.268	66.28	0.027	−0.175	72.46	0.022	−0.269
Gammarus lacustris	15,333	64.30	0.014	−0.263	62.09	−0.027	−0.272	65.20	0.021	−0.132	68.50	0.013	−0.305
Gammarus pisinnus	15,907	70.00	−0.068	−0.310	68.01	−0.090	−0.332	68.88	0.023	−0.120	73.55	−0.051	−0.322
Gammarus roeselii	16,073	66.80	0.016	−0.259	64.38	0.012	−0.266	65.82	0.048	−0.151	69.93	0.087	−0.362
Gmelinoides fasciatus	18,114	65.87	−0.027	−0.223	63.29	−0.020	−0.296	66.47	0.058	−0.137	69.00	0.031	−0.332
Gondogeneia antarctica	18,424	70.10	−0.006	−0.290	67.00	−0.016	−0.314	69.65	0.021	−0.116	70.25	−0.007	−0.261
Grandidierella fasciata	14,656	67.56	0.058	−0.189	65.32	0.060	−0.179	71.26	0.169	−0.184	74.88	0.070	−0.329
Grandidierella japonica	14,930	66.91	0.097	−0.189	64.94	0.098	−0.184	70.73	0.088	−0.161	72.30	0.136	−0.263
Grandidierella osakaensis	14,658	70.90	0.037	−0.182	69.30	0.042	−0.172	75.75	0.057	−0.093	75.79	0.029	−0.325
Grandidierella rubroantennata	14,469	74.14	0.056	−0.232	73.28	0.059	−0.234	76.25	0.065	−0.102	77.00	0.062	−0.344
Haploginglymus sp.	15,000	68.53	0.041	−0.396	66.61	0.037	−0.413	71.06	0.021	−0.212	74.26	0.096	−0.450
Hyalella azteca	15,991	61.09	−0.066	0.052	59.59	−0.102	0.086	65.83	0.013	0.049	64.33	0.053	0.041
Metacrangonyx boveei	15,012	72.59	−0.009	0.005	70.28	−0.017	0.036	75.58	0.036	0.022	75.27	0.024	−0.252
Metacrangonyx longipes	14,113	76.03	−0.020	−0.040	75.33	−0.170	0.080	78.01	0.050	0.180	78.70	0.028	−0.271
Metacrangonyx nicoleae tamri	13,517	74.02	−0.049	0.111	73.92	−0.083	0.163	76.75	0.004	0.043	78.25	0.015	−0.139
Metacrangonyx repens	14,355	76.88	−0.025	−0.014	76.00	−0.038	0.020	78.91	0.007	−0.007	79.22	0.022	−0.280
Metacrangonyx spinicaudatus	15,037	74.79	0.010	−0.139	73.25	0.010	−0.126	78.17	0.031	−0.056	77.42	0.013	−0.352
Onisimus nanseni	14,734	70.30	−0.004	−0.198	68.60	−0.011	−0.189	73.07	0.004	−0.112	76.25	0.009	−0.286
Pallaseopsis kesslerii	15,759	63.10	0.010	−0.182	61.13	−0.018	−0.184	67.52	0.063	−0.069	64.87	0.071	−0.241
Platorchestia japonica	14,780	72.58	0.015	−0.237	70.61	0.002	−0.237	76.68	0.055	−0.131	75.40	0.069	−0.338
Platorchestia parapacifica	14,787	74.80	0.011	−0.253	73.18	−0.002	−0.253	76.69	0.035	−0.110	77.19	0.066	−0.330
Pleonexes koreana	14,645	73.20	0.071	−0.206	70.20	0.078	−0.221	74.70	0.083	−0.044	79.00	0.072	−0.263
Pseudocrangonyx daejeonensis	15,069	68.00	0.003	−0.350	66.31	−0.006	−0.350	69.37	0.038	−0.223	73.27	0.034	−0.441
Pseudoniphargus daviui	15,157	68.70	−0.002	−0.314	66.40	−0.024	−0.317	70.40	0.015	−0.168	73.80	0.076	−0.433
Stygobromus indentatus	14,638	69.00	0.016	−0.270	67.40	0.007	−0.275	71.60	−0.009	−0.173	74.50	0.081	−0.356
Stygobromus tenuis potomacus	14,915	69.00	0.020	−0.275	67.20	0.012	−0.284	71.00	0.008	−0.156	73.20	0.095	−0.383
Trinorchestia longiramus	15,401	71.20	0.039	−0.277	68.60	0.030	−0.291	74.00	0.067	−0.112	73.90	0.101	−0.325

Target species of the current study are indicated in bold.

Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree based on the concatenated 13 protein coding genes amino acid alignment using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. Only bootstrap values of ≥50 (above the nodes) and posterior probabilities >0.80 (below the nodes) are shown. Scale bar corresponds to the number of substitutions per site. Target species of the current study are indicated in bold. The Genbank accession numbers for the mitochondrial genomes are shown in the parenthesis.

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Verheye ML, D’Udekem D’Acoz C. 2021. Integrative taxonomy of giant crested Eusirus in the Southern Ocean, including the description of a new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Eusiridae. Zool J Linn Soc. 193(1):31–77.

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Data availability statement

The genome sequence data that support the findings of this study are openly available in GenBank of NCBI at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ under the accession numbers Eusirus cf. giganteus (G1) (OK489458), Eusirus cf. giganteus (G2) (OK489459), and Charcotia amundseni (OK489457). The associated Bioproject is PRJNA769065 and the Biosample numbers are Eusirus cf. giganteus (G1) (SAMN22086850), Eusirus cf. giganteus (G2) (SAMN22087742), and Charcotia amundseni (SAMN22087745). The SRA accession numbers are Eusirus cf. giganteus (G1) (SRX13936485), Eusirus cf. giganteus (G2) (SRX13936486), and Charcotia amundseni (SRX13936484).