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Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development
Personalized medicine in drug development and clinical practice
Volume 7, 2022 - Issue 1
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Editorial

Precision oncology in cholangiocarcinoma: current issues in clinical trial design and access to targeted therapies

Alessandro Rizzoa Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italia;b Medical Oncology Unit, “Mons. R. Dimiccoli” Hospital, Barletta, ItalyCorrespondence[email protected]
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,
Angela Dalia Riccia Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italia;b Medical Oncology Unit, “Mons. R. Dimiccoli” Hospital, Barletta, ItalyView further author information
,
Gennaro Gadaleta-Caldarolab Medical Oncology Unit, “Mons. R. Dimiccoli” Hospital, Barletta, ItalyView further author information
&
Giovanni Brandia Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, ItaliaView further author information
Pages 102-104 | Received 22 Jul 2021, Accepted 15 Nov 2021, Published online: 29 Nov 2021

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic figure reporting the main signaling pathways and selected targeted therapies currently under assessment in cholangiocarcinoma patients.

Abbreviations: AKT: protein kinase B; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; HER2: epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; IL-6: interleukin 6; IDH: isocitrate dehydrogenase; JAK: Janus kinase; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; PDGFR: platelet derived growth factor receptor; PDK1: phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase.
Figure 1. Schematic figure reporting the main signaling pathways and selected targeted therapies currently under assessment in cholangiocarcinoma patients.

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