Domestic energy demand assessment of coastline rural communities with solar electrification

Figures & data

Figure 1. Household energy demand profile for EED scenario.

Figure 2. Household energy demand profile for FEED scenario.

Figure 3. Average of EED and FEED energy demand.

Table 1. Total energy demand.

	EED	FEED	FBED
Energy demand/household/day [kWh/household/day]	5.640	8.830	7.233
Energy demand/Capita/year [kWh/Capita/year]	343.10	537.16	440.00

Figure 4. Solar irradiance of selected sites in the SS zone.²⁸

Table 2. Technical and economic specifications.

No.	Description	Specification
1	Generic flat-plate PV panel
	Capital cost [$/kW]	2500.00
	Replacement cost [$/kW]	2350.25
	Maintenance cost [$/kW/year]	0*
	Lifetime [years]	25
2	Auto size Genset
	Fuel	Diesel
	Fuel cost [$/liter]	1.00
	Capital cost [$/kW]	500.00
	Replacement cost [$/kW]	500.00
	Maintenance cost [$/kW/hr]	0.03
	Lifetime [hours]	15000
3	System converter
	Capital cost [$/kW]	300.00
	Replacement cost [$/kW]	300.00
	Maintenance cost [$/kW/year]	100.00
	Lifetime [years]	15
4	Generic 1 kWh lead acid battery
	Capital cost [$/battery]	300.00
	Replacement cost [$/battery]	240.00
	Maintenance cost [$/kW/year]	10.00
	Lifetime [years]	10

*This value is based on the assumption that the operating and maintenance cost is negligible for a localized distributed energy systems.^31,32

Table 3. Computed econometric data.*

			EED		FEED		FBED
State	Location	Annual averaged solar irradiance (kWh/m^Citation2/day)	Initial cost ($)	COE ($/kWh)	Initial cost ($)	COE ($/kWh)	Initial cost ($)	COE ($/kWh)
Akwa-Ibom	5°20.3’N,7°54.8’E	4.71	11,768	0.626	18,191	0.623	14,669	0.611
Bayelsa	5°00.7’N,6°40.6’E	4.13	13,773	0.691	21,144	0.683	18,033	0.705
Cross-River	4°33.5’N,7°57.6’E	4.28	14,008	0.706	20804	0.677	17,855	0.703
Delta	5°33.3’N,5°47.6’E	4.53	12,687	0.658	19,355	0.646	15,941	0.643
Edo	6°20.1’N,5°36.2’E	4.66	12,106	0.638	18,560	0.630	15,050	0.621
Rivers	4°48.9’N,7°30.3’E	4.21	13,974	0.704	21,170	0.688	18,151	0.708
SS Zone*	4°35.6’N,6°42.6’E	4.42	12,608	0.651	19,715	0.653	16,809	0.674

*Computation is based on the average of solar irradiance of the states considered.

Figure 5. Variation of COE with discount rate for FED in SS zone.

Figure 6. Variation of COE and initial capital with PV cost for FED in SS zone.

Figure 7. Economic-environmental parameters under diesel generators.

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