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Articles

The Timescape of Smart Cities

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Pages 775-790 | Received 01 Jan 2018, Accepted 01 Apr 2018, Published online: 18 Mar 2019
 

Abstract

To date, critical examinations of smart cities have largely ignored their temporality. In this article, I consider smart cities from a spatiotemporal perspective, arguing that they produce a new timescape and constitute space–time machines. The first half of the article examines spatiotemporal relations and rhythms, exploring how smart cities are the products of and contribute to space–time compression, create new urban polyrhythms, alter the practices of scheduling, and change the pace and tempos of everyday activities. The second half of the article details how smart cities shape the nature of temporal modalities, considering how they reframe and utilize the relationship among the past, present, and future. The analysis draws from a set of forty-three interviews conducted in Dublin, Ireland, and highlights that much of the power of smart urbanism is derived from how it produces a new timescape, rather than simply reconfiguring spatial relations.

对于智能城市的批判性检视, 至今仍大幅忽略其时间性。我于本文中, 从时空的视角关照智能城市, 主张它们生产了崭新的时间地景并组成了时空机器。本文前半部分检视时空关系与韵律, 探讨智能城市如何作为时空压缩的产物与导因, 创造崭新的城市多重旋律, 变更安排计画的实践, 以及改变每日生活活动的步调与速度。本文后半部分详细记载智能城市如何形塑时间形式的本质, 关照它们如何重新架构并运用过往、当下与未来之间的关系。本分析运用在爱尔兰都柏林进行的四十三个访谈集合, 并强调智能城市主义的力量多半源自其如何生产崭新的时间地景, 而非仅只是重新组合空间关系。关键词: 智能城市, 时空, 时间性, 时间, 时间地景。

Hasta hoy, en gran medida los exámenes críticos de las ciudades inteligentes han olvidado su temporalidad. En este artículo, considero las ciudades inteligentes desde una perspectiva espaciotemporal, con el argumento de que ellas producen un nuevo paisaje del tiempo a la vez que se constituyen en máquinas del espacio–tiempo. La primera mitad del artículo está dedicada al examen de las relaciones y ritmos espaciotemporales, explorando el modo como las ciudades inteligentes son los productos de la compresión del espacio–tiempo, a la vez que contribuyen a la misma, crean nuevos poli-ritmos urbanos, alteran las prácticas de programación y cambian el paso y los tempos de las actividades cotidianas. La otra mitad del artículo muestra en detalle cómo las ciudades inteligentes configuran la naturaleza de las modalidades temporales, considerando la manera como ellas reestructuran y utilizan la relación entre pasado, presente y futuro. El análisis se apoya en un conjunto de cuarenta y tres entrevistas llevadas a cabo en Dublín, Irlanda, y destaca que gran parte del poder del urbanismo inteligente se deriva del modo como éste produce un nuevo paisaje del tiempo, en vez de simplemente reconfigurar las relaciones espaciales.

Acknowledgment

Many thanks to Claudio Coletta for comments on an earlier draft of this article.

Additional information

Funding

The research for this article has been conducted under the Programmable City project, funded by a European Research Council Advanced Investigator award (ERC-2012-AdG-323636-SOFTCITY).

Notes on contributors

Rob Kitchin

ROB KITCHIN is a Professor in the Department of Geography and Maynooth University Social Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland Maynooth, County Kildare, W23 F2H6, Ireland. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include the creation, politics, and ethics of smart cities and the development and praxes of spatial media and urban dashboards.

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