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Toxicology Communications Volume 2, 2018 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Urine drug screen trends from 1998 through 2011 among emergency department patients treated in a University Teaching Hospital

Nadejda KorneevaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA;Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USACorrespondence[email protected]
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Urska CvekDepartment of Computer Science, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USAORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2042-6415View further author information
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Anna LeskovaDepartment of Computer Science, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Kimberley HutchinsonDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Avery CallahanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Gregory PatekDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Marjan TrutschlDepartment of Computer Science, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Phillip C. S. R. KilgoreDepartment of Computer Science, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Patrick McGaulyDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Nicolas GoedersDepartment of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Thomas ArnoldDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAView further author information
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Pages 24-34 | Published online: 16 May 2018

Figures & data

Figure 1. Demographic analysis and percentage of positive results of patients tested according to race, age, and gender. (A) Number of UDSs performed for African-American (AA) and Caucasian (CC) male (M) and female (F) patients in each age group. (B) Percentage of positive results in each race group. The UDSs for amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine were performed from 1998 to 2011; those for MDMA and methadone from 2007 to 2011; those for methamphetamine and propoxyphene from 2002 to 2004 and 1998 to 2000, respectively; and those for barbiturates from 1998 to 2007.

Figure 1. Demographic analysis and percentage of positive results of patients tested according to race, age, and gender. (A) Number of UDSs performed for African-American (AA) and Caucasian (CC) male (M) and female (F) patients in each age group. (B) Percentage of positive results in each race group. The UDSs for amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine were performed from 1998 to 2011; those for MDMA and methadone from 2007 to 2011; those for methamphetamine and propoxyphene from 2002 to 2004 and 1998 to 2000, respectively; and those for barbiturates from 1998 to 2007.

Figure 2. (A) Percentage of positive test results for opiates in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for opiates in all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 2. (A) Percentage of positive test results for opiates in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for opiates in all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 3. (A) Percentage of positive test results for benzodiazepines in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for benzodiazepines among all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 3. (A) Percentage of positive test results for benzodiazepines in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for benzodiazepines among all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 4. (A) Percentage of positive test results for amphetamines in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for amphetamine among all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 4. (A) Percentage of positive test results for amphetamines in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for amphetamine among all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 5. (A) Percentage of positive test results for cannabinoids in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for cannabinoids among all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 5. (A) Percentage of positive test results for cannabinoids in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for cannabinoids among all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 6. (A) Percentage of positive test results for cocaine in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for cocaine among all AA and CC patients tested.

Figure 6. (A) Percentage of positive test results for cocaine in each age bracket. (B) Percentage of positive tests for cocaine among all AA and CC patients tested.

Related Research Data

Controlled substance prescribing patterns - Prescription Behavior Surveillance System, eight states, 2013
Source: Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office
State estimates of substance use from the 2005-2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health
Source: American Psychological Association (APA)
State Estimates of Substance Use from the 2003-2004 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health
Source: American Psychological Association (APA)

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