Is EU democracy promotion aligned with local media perception in Central Asia? Findings from content analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Conceptual Linkages of Human Rights, Democratization and Good Governance. Source: (Warkotsch 2008).

Table 1. Top 20 frequent words in the EU documents for Central Asia.

No	Word	Time of Repetition
1	Acts	8142
2	Activities	6815
3	United	5465
4	Event	5807
5	Change	4933
6	Organization	4159
7	Quality	2409
8	Part	2264
9	States	2244
10	Information	2211
11	Rights	2133
12	Order	2066
13	Regional	2038
14	Content	1950
15	Party	1726
16	Meeting	1626
17	Goods	1591
18	Obligation	1548
19	Period	1519
20	Practice	1433

Source: authors’ elaboration.

Table 2. Amount of codes’ references in the EU documents for Central Asia.

Name of Codes	References
Democracy	23
Good Governance	72
Rule of Law	52
Civil Society	32
Human Rights	62
Children’s Rights	2
Civil Rights	12
Cultural Rights	13
Economic Rights	5
Gender Rights	11
Labor Rights	58
Political Rights	6
Property Rights	39
Rights of minorities	2
Social Rights	34
Human Rights total	244

Source: authors’ elaboration.

Table 3. Frequency of news articles on the European Union, according to news outlet and year.

Year	Tengrinews.kz	Outlets 24.kg	Asiaplustj.info	Kun.uz	Total
2022	5	10	33	4	52
2021	6	46	31	8	91
2020	7	24	20	9	60
2019	4	32	27	4	67
Total	22 (8.1)	112 (41.4)	111 (41.1)	25 (9.2)	270 (100)

Source: authors’ elaboration.

Note: Percentages in parentheses

Table 4. Top 20 frequent words in the Central Asian media outlets that mention the EU-Central Asia relations. Translated from Russian the frequency of words.

No	Word	Time of Repetition
1	Tajikistan	563
2	Kyrgyzstan	419
3	Society	376
4	Asia	337
5	Development	333
6	Euro	324
7	European	309
8	Power	296
9	Rights	282
10	Business	268
11	Economy	266
12	Help	251
13	Permissions	239
14	EBRD	239
15	Region	238
16	Cooperation	237
17	Union	235
18	Central	223
19	Time	207
20	School	200

Source: authors’ elaboration.

Table 5. Amount of codes’ references in the Central Asian media outlets that mention EU-Central Asia relations.

Name of Codes	References
Democracy	21
Good Governance	58
Rule of Law	42
Civil Society	53
Human Rights	64
Civil Rights	19
Cultural Rights	6
Economic Rights	33
Gender Rights	44
Labor Rights	9
Political Rights	25
Rights of minorities	1
Social Rights	58
Human Rights total	259

Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure A1. ‘Democracy’ word tree visualizations. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure A2. ‘Human Rights’ word tree visualizations. Source: authors’ elaboration

Figure A3. ‘Good Governance’ word tree visualizations. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure A4. ‘Civil Society’ word tree visualizations. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure A5. ‘Rule of Law’ word tree visualizations. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure A6. Coding visualizations. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure B1. ‘Democracy’ word tree visualizations. Content Analysis. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure B2. ‘Human Rights’ word tree visualizations. Content Analysis. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure B3. ‘Good Governance’ word tree visualizations. Content Analysis. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure B4. ‘Civil Society’ word tree visualizations. Content Analysis. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure B5. ‘Rule of Law’ word tree visualizations. Content Analysis. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Figure B6. Coding visualizations. Source: authors’ elaboration.

Warkotsch, A. 2008. “Normative Suasion and Political Change in Central Asia.” Caucasian Review on International Affairs 2 (4): 62–71. http://cria-online.org/Journal/5/NORMATIVE%20SUASION.pdf.

 Google Scholar