Integrative description of Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov. (hufelandi group) from the Island of Madeira (Portugal)

Figures & data

Table I. Measurements [in µm] and pt values of selected morphological structures of individuals of Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov. mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N–number of specimens/structures measured; RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD–standard deviation, pt–ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the buccal tube expressed as a percentage).

		RANGE						MEAN			SD		Holotype
CHARACTER	N	µm			pt			µm	pt		µm	pt	µm	pt
Body length	20	413	–	673				567			73		673
Buccopharyngeal tube
Buccal tube length	20	47.0	–	73.0				58.8			8.0		71.2
Stylet support insertion point	20	38.2	–	61.0	80.1	–	83.6	48.2		82.0	6.8	1.0	57.6	80.9
Buccal tube external width	20	7.1	–	12.5	14.3	–	20.0	9.8		16.7	1.8	1.3	12.3	17.3
Buccal tube internal width	20	4.6	–	9.2	9.7	–	15.0	6.9		11.7	1.5	1.4	9.0	12.6
Ventral lamina length	20	29.3	–	47.5	62.3	–	67.9	38.2		64.9	5.3	1.4	45.8	64.3
Placoid lengths
Macroplacoid 1	20	13.7	–	26.3	29.1	–	36.7	19.3		32.7	3.8	2.2	24.7	34.7
Macroplacoid 2	20	8.6	–	17.0	17.0	–	24.3	12.2		20.5	2.7	1.9	16.8	23.6
Microplacoid	20	3.7	–	7.3	7.9	–	10.0	5.4		9.1	1.0	0.6	6.2	8.7
Macroplacoid row	20	24.7	–	45.4	50.4	–	62.8	33.5		56.6	6.9	4.1	44.4	62.4
Placoid row	20	30.3	–	54.8	62.3	–	76.6	41.1		69.4	7.9	4.3	52.9	74.3
Claw I heights
External primary branch	17	13.5	–	20.9	25.2	–	32.9	16.7		28.6	2.3	1.7	20.9	29.3
External secondary branch	16	10.1	–	17.0	19.8	–	24.8	13.4		22.6	2.2	1.4	17.0	23.9
Internal primary branch	17	12.9	–	19.7	24.9	–	29.1	16.0		27.3	2.2	1.1	19.3	27.1
Internal secondary branch	14	10.0	–	16.7	19.9	–	23.7	13.1		22.0	2.2	1.3	16.7	23.5
Claw II heights
External primary branch	19	14.1	–	22.0	26.4	–	33.8	17.5		30.1	2.4	1.8	22.0	30.9
External secondary branch	17	10.6	–	17.3	19.4	–	26.5	13.6		23.7	2.1	1.7	17.3	24.3
Internal primary branch	20	13.0	–	20.5	25.5	–	32.9	16.8		28.6	2.2	1.7	20.5	28.8
Internal secondary branch	18	10.9	–	17.2	21.2	–	25.8	14.0		23.5	1.8	1.2	17.1	24.0
Claw III heights
External primary branch	17	14.1	–	21.6	26.6	–	34.7	17.5		30.1	2.5	1.9	21.6	30.3
External secondary branch	15	11.2	–	17.8	20.4	–	25.4	13.7		23.8	2.1	1.4	17.8	25.0
Internal primary branch	16	13.5	–	19.6	25.8	–	34.1	16.6		28.5	2.1	2.0	19.0	26.7
Internal secondary branch	15	11.5	–	16.5	21.3	–	26.7	13.5		23.4	1.7	1.4	16.5	23.2
Claw IV heights
Anteror primary branch	20	16.0	–	23.8	29.6	–	36.5	19.6		33.5	2.4	1.9	23.8	33.4
Anterior secondary branch	20	12.3	–	19.0	22.9	–	28.9	15.5		26.5	1.8	1.6	18.8	26.4
Posterior primary branch	17	15.4	–	24.2	29.2	–	41.0	20.2		34.8	2.9	3.2	24.2	34.0
Posterior secondary branch	15	12.4	–	19.0	24.2	–	32.9	15.8		27.2	2.3	2.3	18.9	26.5

Figure 1. Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov.: a – dorso-ventral projection (holotype, PCM); b – dorso-ventral projection (paratype, SEM) c – d – cuticular pores on dorsal side of the body (paratype, PCM and SEM, respectively). Scale bars in µm.

Figure 2. Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov.: a – oral cavity armature (paratype, PCM) from dorsal side; b – oral cavity armature (paratype, PCM) from ventral side; c – mouth with ten peribuccal lamella (paratype, SEM); d – f– oral cavity armature (paratype, SEM). Filled unindented arrowhead represents first band of teeth, empty unindented arrowhead represents second band of teeth, filled indented arrowhead represents third band of teeth from dorsal side and empty indented arrowhead represents third band of teeth from ventral side. Scale bars in µm.

Figure 3. Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov.: bucco-pharyngeal apparatus (dorso–ventral projection): a – general view (paratype); b – placoid morphology in dorsal view (paratype) c – ventral placoids (paratype). Filled unindented arrowhead represents first macroplacoid with central constriction, empty unindented arrowhead represents second macroplacoid with sub-terminal constriction and filled arrowhead indicates a first macroplacoid with central constriction in ventral side. All PCM. Scale bars in µm.

Figure 4. Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov.: a – claws II (paratype, PCM); b – claws I (paratype, PCM) with pulvunis like structure; c – claws IV (paratype, PCM); d – claws III (paratype, SEM); e – claws IV (paratype, SEM). Filled indented arrowhead represents smooth lunulas, empty indented arrowhead represents divided cuticular bars, filled unindented arrowhead represents pulvinus-like structure, empty arrow represents doubled muscle attachments and filled arrow represents granulations present on legs. Scale bars in µm.

Figure 5. Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov.: eggs: a – b – egg chorion (paratype, PCM and SEM respectively); c – f – the surface between egg processes (paratype, PCM and SEM respectively); g – egg processes with small terminal discs (paratype, PCM); h – egg processes with bifurcation at top (paratype, PCM); i – j – egg processes with cap like disc and trunks covered with tiny granules (paratype, SEM). Filled indented arrowhead represents bubbles inside egg processes trunk, empty indented arrowhead represents pores on egg chorion surface, filled unindented arrowhead represents bifurcated egg processes, empty unindented arrowhead represents tiny granules on egg processes trunk. Scale bars in µm.

Table II. Measurements [in µm] of selected morphological structures of eggs of Macrobiotus kosmali sp. nov. mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N – number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured eggs; SD – standard deviation).

CHARACTER	N	RANGE			MEAN	SD
Egg bare diameter	14	99.1	–	111.0	106.4	3.7
Egg full diameter	14	128.9	–	154.0	144.8	7.0
Process height	60	15.6	–	25.0	19.5	2.0
Process base width	60	7.6	–	12.3	10.2	1.2
Process base/height ratio	60	40%	–	64%	53%	6%
Terminal disc width	60	2.1	–	3.8	2.8	0.4
Inter-process distance	60	2.8	–	5.9	3.9	0.7
Number of processes on the egg circumference	20	23	–	26	25.0	1.0